1. Elvira Hernández Sánchez
Simple past Vs
present perfect
Elvira Hernández Sánchez
Autor:
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2. When do we use…? Simple past is used when the activity have finished.
Present perfect is used when we want to talk about something which happened in the past but is relevant now.

3. Simple past grammar structure
Affirmative sentence:
I/you/he/she/it/we/they went to Mexico City last week.
Pronoun verb in simple past complement.
Negative sentence:
I/you/he/she/it/they/we did not=didn’t go to the party last week
Pronoun auxiliar+not verb in simple form + complement.

4. Interrogative sentence:
Did + I/you/he/she/it/we/they do the homework ?
Auxiliar pronoun verb in simple form + complement question mark
Short answers:
yes , I/you/he/she/it/we/they + did
yes + comma pronoun auxiliar
no , I/you/he/she/it/we/they did + not = didn’t
no + comma pronoun auxiliar + not

5. simple past study the following examples:
I got five in the exam yesterday.
I didn’t/did not get a good grade in the exam.
Did you pass the exam?
Yes, I did
No, I did not/didn’t

6. Present perfect grammar structure
Affirmative sentence:
Pronoun (I/you/they/we) + auxiliar (have=‘ve) + verb in past participle + complement
Pronoun (He/she/it) + auxiliar (has= ‘s) + verb in past participle + complement
Negative sentence:
Pronoun (I/you/they/we) +auxiliar+not(have +not = haven’t) +verb in past participle + complement
Pronoun (she/he/it)+auxiliar + not (has not = hasn’t) + verb in past participle + complement

7. Interrogative sentence:
Auxiliar (have) + pronoun (I/you/we/they) verb in past participle + complement + ?
Auxiliar (has) + pronoun (she/he/it) verb in past participle + complement + ?
Short answers:
Yes + , + pronoun (I/you/we/they) + have = ‘ve
Yes + , + pronoun (she/he/it) + has=‘s
No + , + pronoun (I/you/we/they) + have not = haven’t
No , + pronoun (she/he/it) + has = hasn’t

8. present perfect I have/’ve studied for the exam all day.
Study the following examples:
I have/’ve studied for the exam all day.
I have not/haven’t studied for the exam.
Have you studied for the exam?
Yes, I have
No, I have not/haven’t

9. Mix A:Have you ever been in Mexico City? (present perfect)
B:Yes, I went to Mexico City last week.
(simple past)
As you can see we can mix both, simple past and present perfect.