2. THE ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS JAMES MONROES PRESIDENCY 1817-1825

3. THE ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS…..WHAT DOES IT MEAN ? After the War of 1812, there was a period of peace. This was known as the Era of Good Feelings During this time: There were no major political divisions (Federalists had almost disappeared) The war created a sense of National unity Peace = unfortunately this time did not last long

4. WHAT HAPPENED? After the war, sectionalism developed Sectionalism means: o Each region of the United States (North, South, West) were very loyal to their region o This loyalty and pride in their region caused differences of ideas amongst people of the U.S. What were some of the difficulties caused by sectionalism? Conflicts over slavery=to own or not to? States rights vs. National government=can a state refuse to obey the constitution? Tariffs=high tariffs protect American industry, but then what about those that need to buy stuff from other countries? National Bank= constitutional or unconstitutional? Internal Improvements (like roads, canals, transportation)= costly, and expansion yes or no?

5. JOHN C. CALHOUN Was a former War Hawk Supported state sovereignty (states should have the power to rule themselves) Opposed high tariffs said high tariffs were unfair to farmers in the South who couldnt manufacture their own goods and HAD to purchase manufactured items at higher prices Also said tariffs protected inefficient manufacturers

6. DANIEL WEBSTER Worked in the House of Representatives and Senate Supported Tariffs which protected American industries from foreign competition (Protective Tariffs) Supported policies which he believed would strengthen the North Was known as a great orator (speaker)

7. HENRY CLAY Former War Hawk From Kentucky Speaker of the House of Representatives that represented the Western states Was a negotiator of the Treaty of Ghent Was known as a national leader who tried to resolve sectional disputes through compromise

8. THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE 1820 The year is 1820 Missouri wants to become a state, but theres a problem: The South wants Missouri to enter as a slave state The North wants Missouri to enter as a free state Then Maine applied for statehood…. Henry Clay came up with a solution: Missouri will be a slave state Maine will be a free state And slavery will not be allowed in the remainder of the Louisiana Territory This became known as the Missouri Compromise of 1820 (and it kept people happy at least for a while)

9. MCCULLOCH V. MARYLAND Maryland wanted to tax all banks not opened by the state of Maryland Taken to Supreme Court Chief Justice Marshall said that the state had no right to tax the bank because it was created by the national government Maryland said that the Constitution did not even mention the creation of a bank Again the Supreme Court said that the government had the right to create all laws necessary and proper And this was one of those times Sorry Maryland, the Federal government still rules supreme!

10. GIBBON V. OGDEN

11. FOREIGN AFFAIRS: THE MONROE DOCTRINE After the War of 1812, Monroe tried to solve any left over disputes with Britain Both sides agreed to demilitarize (downsize the army to peacetime size) Set northern boundaries of U.S. U.S. gained Florida through the Adams-Onis Treaty The U.S. paid Spanish debts, and got Florida Spain was loosing a lot of its colonies and asked European countries for help President Monroe issued a statement known as the MONROE DOCTRINE which said Europe had NO BUSINESS INTERFERING WITH ANY COLONIES OR COUNTRIES IN THE AMERICAS. North and South America are NO LONGER OPEN FOR COLONIZATION If any European country got involved would mean war with the U.S!