1. Civil War Objectives 1)Identify and explain 2 key advantages of both North and South 2)Identify and explain the importance of 2 major battles of the war 3) Evaluate the Emancipation Proclamation and whether it achieved the goal of ending slavery in America.

2. North/Union vs. South/Confederacy North’s Advantages Navy- can blockade S. to stop European support Industry- North can make war materials (guns, clothes, trains) Dollars- N. has 4x’s the wealth of South Population- 30 mil. in N vs. 8 mil. Whites in S. – ?Which advantage is most important? Why? South’s Advantages Defensive War- South does not have to take land Officers- planter’s sons educated at military schools Revolution/Freedom- S. believes in it’s cause N. Disadvantage- can N. overcome distances to invade S. – ?Which advantage is most important to South

3. Border States- Slave States that stayed in the Union (considered first Union victory) Maryland – Habeas Corpus suspended Kentucky – Invaded by Union forces West Virginia Importance of Border States – Population – Food Production – Transportation

4. ANSWER Objectives 1)Identify and explain 2 key advantages of both North and South.

5. Opening moves of CW Fort Sumter(Apr 1861)1 st shots fired, 33 hours – Upper South Secedes ?Why does the Upper South secede after Fort Sumter? 1 St Bull Run- 1 st major battle – 30K Union vs. 22K South N. belief- war will be easy – Spectators watch S. Rout- N. beaten – ?What Southern advantage allowed S. to win this battle? – Total War- total destruction of enemy (N. realizes that is how to beat S. and slavery)

6. War in the West Gen. Ulysses S. Grant- most important Union General – Character- poor student, alcoholic, failure in civilian life Positives- photogenic memory, understood total warfare (destroying enemies will to fight, wear down enemy – *? Would you want this guy as your leader? Battle of Shiloh- 1 st total war battle (23,000 casualties in 2 days) – *What does this battle show about the south and their attitude towards war?

7. Battle of Antietam- bloodiest 1 day battle in US history (23K casualties) – Gen. Lee Invades Maryland/ North (North has been losing for two years, Lee hoping to get Eur. To support S. by making S. CW victory look inevitable) Why is this a mistake for S? – S. battle Plans- found by Northern soldier What advantage does the north have? What advantage does the South have? – Lee escapes N. won the battle but was the North really victorious? Explain?

8. Emancipation Proclamation ?What was the purpose of the Civil War for Union? Antietam victory allowed the N. to feel it could win the CW “All slaves in areas of rebellion of free” – ?How many slaves did the EP free? – ?Why is the EP important? How does EP change the nature of the CW? – Add answer to notes!

9. Gettysburg and Vicksburg- two battles that allow the North to win the CW Vicksburg- city that held control of Miss. R. Gen. Grant fights a 3 week battle and destroys city of Vicks. – Cuts S. in half How is this an example of Total Warfare? Gettysburg-Lee invades N again Why is Lee at a disadvantage? – Losses N- 23K, S 28K (1/3 of Lee’s troops) Why is this battle such a devastating defeat for S. and not so much for the North?

10. Election of 1864- only time a country has held a Presidential election during a Civil War Lincoln/Union Party- unites republicans and pro-war Dems – Andrew Johnson (Tn/D) Vice-President ?Why is the Vice-President so important? McClellan/Democrats- says war is a failure and Union should quit – Sherman captures Atlanta- shows Union is winning – Army vote- overwhelmingly support Lincoln ?What does troop vote show about their opinion on CW? – Emancipation- Electing Lincoln means slavery will be abolished ?WHY? – 13 th Amendment- abolishes slavery

11. Impact of War Appomattox Courthouse- Apr. 1865 Lee surrenders to Grant Cost of War – Lives- 600,000 dead – $20 bil (10x’s value of all slaves in South) – Industrialization- N. built factories to provide for war Creates an industrial base that will make US a world economic power in late 1800’s – Nationalism “The Unites States” – Spiritual- S. hurt, beaten, and humiliated Is making the S. feel bad for once having slaves the right course of action? Should the S. be punished? Who will the S. take their anger out on?