1. Present Perfect

2. In English, the present perfect is essencially a present tense,
but it also expresses the effect of past actions on the present.
Past
Present perfect
Present
Present perfect = before now
Present perfect does not express when an action happened.
I have traveled to all seven continents.
I travelled around Africa in 1998.

3.   3.We make the present perfect tense with has/ have + the
past participle.  
I/ be to Paris
They/ be to Paris
She/ be to Paris.
You/ be to Paris.
I haven´t been to Paris.
I have been to Paris.
They have been to Paris.
They haven´t been to Paris.
She has been to Paris.
She hasn´t been to Paris.
You have been to Paris.
You haven´t been to Paris.
He’s been to Paris.
He hasn´t been to Paris.

4. Infinitive Past simple Past participle eaten eat see meet drink fly
make
take
drive
cook
buy
give
win
have
stay do
Past simple
ate
saw
met
drank
flew
made
took
drove
cooked
bought
gave
won
had
stayed
went
Past participle
eaten
seen
drunk
flown
taken
driven
given
gone

5. Use - The present perfect expresses:
# 1 – Action that began in the past and still continues ( unfinished past)
We’ve lived in the same house for three years.
Peter’s worked as a teacher since 2000.
How long have you known each other?
They’ve been married for 20 years.

6. These time expressions are common with this use.
For
two years
a month
A few minutes
Half an hour
ages
1970
The end of the class
August
8:00
Christmas
For
Since

7. Use – the present perfect expresses:
# 2 – Experience that happened at some time in one’s life.
Before now.
The effect of the action is relevant in the present.
I’ve been to the US. ( I still remember, it’s relevant, important for me)
She’s written many books. ( in her ongoing writing career)
Have you ever had an operation?

8. Use – the present perfect expresses:
#3 – A past action that has a present result.
The action is usually in the recent past.
The taxi hasn’t arrived yet. ( We’re still waiting for it.)
I’ve cut my finger. ( It is still bleeding.)

9. Use – the present perfect expresses:
# 4 We often announce news in the present perfect to emphasize the event as a present fact.
Have you heard?
The president has announced a new project.
Susan’s had her baby!
I’ve ruined the meal!

10. Now you!

11. How long have you lived in the same house?
How long have you had your present job?
Have you been to interesting places this year?

12. Have you ever had a beautiful dream?
Have you ever been in love?
Have you ever wanted to be someone else?
Have you ever been abroad?
Have you ever tried a radical sport?
Have you ever read a great book?