2. 1. Planning: it is all about setting and organizing activities to master an organization’s goals. When planning make sure you can answer at least one of the questions:  What do we do?  For whom do we do it?  How do we excel? Planning is associated with forecasting about a company’s development and expansion. 2. Organizing: this function deals with assigning tasks, grouping tasks into departments, assigning authority, and allocating resources. (Boundless, n.d)

3. 3. Controlling: this function works to influence employees’ behaviors to help an organization achieve its goals. Controlling is used continuously to track the achievement of set goals. 4. Leading: this function deals with setting goals and evaluate, mentor, train, and motivate employees. Good attitude, determination, confidence, ability to inspire, creativity, effective communication, understanding and giving positive reinforcements are qualities of a good leader. (Boundless, n. d)

4. 5. Staffing: this function is all about selecting individuals for specific functions, training and charging them with related responsibilities. Staffing is involved in all functions of management. This is a backbone of each organization because it deals with choosing workers and their capabilities to achieve the organization’s tasks. (Chand, 2015)

5. Directing: With the directing style a manager tells the employees “what to do, how to do it, and when it needs to be done.” Freifeld (2013) When using directing style, remember to:  Organize your thoughts before you begin to speak  Start with the big picture to the details  Be clear and specific in your directions  Explain to employees the desired output  Assign due dates  Provide written instructions if necessary  Check to see if directions are well communicated Klebanoff Associates, Inc. (2006-2015).

6. Directing style Strengths:  It is a key to achievement of goals  It encourages leadership  It enhances confidence and taking initiative Weaknesses:  It reduces creativity and productivity for highly skilled and motivated workers  It encourages leadership dependence within workers (Travis 2015)  This style is good to use when there are different tasks to complete using different skills.

7. Delegating style This style deals with assigning tasks to employees based on their capabilities. When using delegating style:  Challenge people but do not overwhelm them  Show a person's ability to get the job done  Do not delegate many tasks to a single person  Set specific follow up dates for a long-term project Klebanoff Associates, Inc. (2006-2015).

8. Delegating style Strengths :  It encourages innovation  Self-development for employees  It give managers time to work on other stuff Weakness:  Ineffective utilization of time and resources  Problems when tasks were delegated to wrong people (Oviawe, 2015)  The style is appropriate when working with experienced people and self-motivated people.

9. Discussing style Here a manager encourages interactions and ideas generation using critical thinking by asking questions about a problem, opportunity, or issue that must be resolved (Freifeld 2013) When using discussion method:  Know the specific purpose of the discussion  Ask probing and lingering questions  Ask follow-up questions as needed  Encourage everyone’s participation  Follow non-verbal messages  Hold back your opinion until everyone has spoken  Make a summary of ideas generated (Klebanoff Associates, Inc.,2006-2015).

10. Discussing style Strengths:  It encourages respect among workers  It leads to strong decisions  It encourages learning among workers Weaknesses:  Delay in decision making  Some people tend to dominate the discussion  Discussing style is good to use when solving a problem that requires everyone’s ideas or collaboration to get it done.

11. Freifeld, L.(2013).Leveraging 3 primary management styles. Retrieved from http://www.trainingmag.com/content/leveraging-3-primary-management-styles http://www.trainingmag.com/content/leveraging-3-primary-management-styles Klebanoff Associates, Inc. (2006-2015). Management Styles - Directing, Discussing, & Delegating. Retrieved from http://whttp://w ww.managerwise.com/article.phtml?id=489 Oviawe, G.E. (2015). Delegation: Benefits, limitations & why managers find it difficult to delegate. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/10017316/Delegation_Benefits_Limitations_and_Why_Manager s_Find_It_Difficult_To_Delegate http://www.academia.edu/10017316/Delegation_Benefits_Limitations_and_Why_Manager s_Find_It_Difficult_To_Delegate Travis, E. (2015). Advantages & drawbacks of the autocratic leadership style. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-drawbacks-autocratic-leadership-style- 16616.html http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-drawbacks-autocratic-leadership-style- 16616.html Boundless. (n.d). Principles of management. Retrieved from https://www.boundless.com/management/textbooks/boundless-management- textbook/introduction-to-management-1/principles-of-management-17/fulfilling-the- organizing-function-114-10713/ https://www.boundless.com/management/textbooks/boundless-management- textbook/introduction-to-management-1/principles-of-management-17/fulfilling-the- organizing-function-114-10713/ Chand, S. (2015). Staffing: It’s meaning, nature and importance. Retrieved from http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/business-management/staffing-its-meaning-nature-and- importance-business-management/27912/ http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/business-management/staffing-its-meaning-nature-and- importance-business-management/27912/ Management innovations. (2008). Define management & its functions. Retrieved from https://managementinnovations.wordpress.com/2008/12/03/define-management-its- functions/ https://managementinnovations.wordpress.com/2008/12/03/define-management-its- functions/