1. : # 6-10 is on the back of the quiz

2. Tuesday……… HOMEWORK:  Read “Fascist Dictatorships: Hitler” Ch 25.4 (p. 679-684)  Take notes & be prepared for a quiz.  Bellringer for next class - Mein Kampf Use the red and green headings to organize your notes!! Define bold and highlighted words. REMEMBER! – Homework notes = 5 pts each on daily open note quiz. NO homework notes = 10 pts each on daily quiz. YOUR choice!

3. Political Cartoon Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Reminder: 1. This is not a SALON. NO putting on make- up or fixing hair. 2.Only one person to the bathroom at a time. 1 pass is for the bathroom and the other is for everything else. I will take bathroom time away if this continues to become an issue. 3.If you get caught going to the snack machine you will lose bathroom privileges and be written up.

4. CHAPTER 19 Section 4: Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Objectives: >Compare the motivations, methods and class support of fascism and communism, particularly in Italy and Germany during the interwar years. >Describe Mussolini’s and Hitler’s rise to power, methods of control, and the reasons for their overwhelming support by the general public. The Great Depression and the Rise of Totalitarianism

5. SECTION 4 Document Snapshot: “What is Fascism, 1932” Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany

6. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Benito Mussolini Il Duce (Il Duce' was the nickname for Mussolini, the fascist dictator of Italy during the 1920s, 30s, 40s. Duce means leader)

7. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany The Fascists conducted a violent campaign against their opponents – communists and Socialists using a gang of thugs called the Black Shirts (mainly discontented ex- soldiers. violently attacked Communists, socialists, and other radical and progressive groups. They broke up strikes, destroyed trade union headquarters, and drove socialist and Communist officials from office.)

8. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Mussolini came to power after the "March on Rome" in 1922, and was appointed Prime Minister by King Victor Emmanuel.

9. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany What are the basic characteristics of Fascism? NATIONALISMNATIONALISM: the belief that one's nation is of primary importance AUTHORITARIANISMAUTHORITARIANISM: a political system controlled by typically non-elected rulers who usually permit some degree of individual freedom MILITARISM:MILITARISM: the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.

10. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany SINGLE PARTY STATESINGLE PARTY STATE : single political party - no other parties are permitted to run candidates for election DICTATORSHIPDICTATORSHIP : control by one person or a small group of people SOCIAL DARWINISMSOCIAL DARWINISM : strongest or fittest should survive and flourish in society, while the weak and unfit should be allowed to die. What are the basic characteristics of Fascism?

11. Section 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Fascism is … Belief in a great leader Strong sense of nationalism Hatred of democracy Use of symbols Use of violence Use of propaganda Strong military Controls of ALL aspects of life and work Hatred of socialism and communism

12. Section 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany

13. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Fascism vs Communism Totalitarian state over the individual Powerful military Controls through censorship and propaganda Totalitarian state over the individual Powerful military Controls through censorship and propaganda Totalitarian is of or relating to a centralized government that does not tolerate parties of differing opinion and that exercises dictatorial control over many aspects of life.

14. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Fascism vs Communism Nationalistic left farms and large industries in the hands of their owners and let them run them as they saw fit so long as they provided the output the government demanded. Appealed to middle classes International - a political movement which advocates a greater economic and political cooperation among nations for the theoretical benefit of all. seized all private property in the name of the state and put all industrial and economic production under the direct control of the government Appealed to working classes

15. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Mussolini in control … Opposing parties were disbanded. Basic liberties were suspended. Strikes were outlawed. Uniformed and secret police spied on everyone. TOTALITARIANISM - concept used by some political scientists in which the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible.

16. Political Cartoon Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Mussolini is the person opening the lid and Hitler is depicted by the demon. After Hitler saw how powerless the League was in the Abyssinia invasion, Hitler found the opportunity to rise.

17. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany

18. Political Cartoon Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany

19. Political Cartoon Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany

20. SECTION 4 Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany Reasons People Embraced Totalitarianism ItalyGermany international turmoil weak government crippled economy dreams of former glory restoration of order Mussolini Hitler