1. The multiple nuclei model
AP human geography

2. The multiple nuclei model
The multiple nuclei model is a model of urban land use in which a city grows from several independent points rather than from one central business district (CBD)
The several independent points create multiple nodes (nuclei) in areas other than the CBD, thus naming it the multiple nuclei model

3. The Multiple nuclei model
The University of Alabama is an example of the multiple nuclei model because it has a main CBD, but then has other focal points surrounding it. (football stadium, restaurants, campus living, etc.)
The Multiple nuclei model
Some nodes (nuclei) can include:
ports
universities
airports
parks
neighborhood business centers

4. The multiple nuclei model
How the nuclei developed:
They were once separate settlements but were absorbed by growth of the urban area.
They appeared as urban growth settlements that stimulated specialization and specialized centers outside the CBD, around which complementary uses are now located.

5. The multiple nuclei model
Criticisms about the multiple nuclei model:
1) Negligence of the height of buildings.
2) Non-existence of abrupt divisions between zones.
3) Each zone displays a significant degree of internal heterogeneity and not homogeneity.
4) Unawareness of inertia forces.
5) No consideration of influence of physical relief and government policy.
6) The concepts may not be totally applicable to oriental cities with different cultural, economic and political backgrounds.

6. The multiple nuclei model facts
There is no clear CBD in this type of model
The CBD is not the only generator of change
The multiple-nuclei theory was formed based on the idea that people have greater movement due to increased car ownership
The distant decay theory is still applicable to this model
Land value and population density decline with distance from the central places
Land-use patterns are formed around several discrete nuclei that attract certain uses and repel others
These nuclei most often develop in response to the evolving transportation network
Residential land use develops in response to the influence of the various nuclei.