1. Spain Today Espana hoy המסע לבוסתן הספרדי. 5.12.2020

2. ספרד 17 מחוזות ((comunidades autonomas y ciudades autonomas בכל מחוז עצמאי (Comunidad Autonoma) יש פרובינציות ( שלטון מקומי )Provincias ובפרובינציות עיריות Ayuntamiento ( שלטון עירוני ) למשל : Andalucia, Granada, Granada

3. שטח :506.030 ק " מ 2 גבה הרמה המרכזית : 600 מטר 2 בקעות : אברו ; גואדלקויוויר

5. אוכלוסיה : 46.661.000 תושבים ( ילדים : 41.063.000- זרים : 12% 5.598.000 אוכלוסיית זרים : כ 1.000.000 מדריד כ 1.000.000 ברצלונה כ 668.000 אנדלוסיה ( מתוך 8.000.000) חלוקה מגדרית 23.100.000 גברים 23.557.000 נשים חלוקה גילאית 43% בין גילאי 16-44 41% מעל גיל 45 %

6. Castellano Idiomas cooficiales Catalán / Valenciano / Balear Gallego Euskera Aranés

7. שפות מדוברות בחצי האי האיברי 200 b. c

8. 1492 גילוי אמריקהנפילת גרנדה ( סיום הרקונקיסטה ) גירוש היהודים אינקואיזיציה Los Reyes Catolicos Fernando II Aragon Isabel I Castilla Nebrija ספר הדקדוק הראשון לשון הקסטילינית ( ספרדית )Castellano

9. By 1492 the united Spain boasted powerful war machinery, a solid economy, an international presence, experience at sea and in exploring new commercial routes, and considerable scientific and technical expertise: mathematicians, geographers, astronomers and shipbuilders, forged in the melting pot of the three cultures. 1492

10. 1492 Kings of Castilla y Aragon Fernando and Isabel House of Hapsburg (1517-1700) 1517-1556 Charles I House of Bourbon (1700-1808) 1700-1746 Philip V Dissolution of the old Regime and the War of Independence (1808-1814) 1808 Abdication of Charles IV and Entry of Joseph Bonaparte I of Spain in Madrid. 1810-1812 The Cortes and Constitution of Cadiz. Liberal reaction and Revolution (1814-1833 ) 1814-1820 First Absolutist Restoration. 1820-1823 Coup d’e tat and Liberal Triennium 1823-1833 Second Absolutist Restoration. 1837 Liberal Constitution. 1843-1854 Moderate Decade. 1845 Constitution. 1854-1856 Liberal Biennium. 1856 Non nata Constitution. 1856-1868 Moderate Predominance. Revolutionary six-year period (1868-1874) 1869 Constitution of 1869. 1869-1871 Regency of General Serrano. 1871-1873 Democratic monarchy of Amadeus of Savoy. 1873-1874 First Republic. 1874 Coup staged on behalf of Alfonso XII. The Restoration (1875-1923) 1875 Entry of Alfonso XII in Madrid. 1876 Constitution. 1881 Liberal Government. 1492 Kings of Castilla y Aragon Fernando and Isabel House of Hapsburg (1517-1700) 1517-1556 Charles I House of Bourbon (1700-1808) 1700-1746 Philip V Dissolution of the old Regime and the War of Independence (1808-1814) 1808 Abdication of Charles IV and Entry of Joseph Bonaparte I of Spain in Madrid. 1810-1812 The Cortes and Constitution of Cadiz. Liberal reaction and Revolution (1814-1833 ) 1814-1820 First Absolutist Restoration. 1820-1823 Coup d’e tat and Liberal Triennium 1823-1833 Second Absolutist Restoration. 1837 Liberal Constitution. 1843-1854 Moderate Decade. 1845 Constitution. 1854-1856 Liberal Biennium. 1856 Non nata Constitution. 1856-1868 Moderate Predominance. Revolutionary six-year period (1868-1874) 1869 Constitution of 1869. 1869-1871 Regency of General Serrano. 1871-1873 Democratic monarchy of Amadeus of Savoy. 1873-1874 First Republic. 1874 Coup staged on behalf of Alfonso XII. The Restoration (1875-1923) 1875 Entry of Alfonso XII in Madrid. 1876 Constitution. 1881 Liberal Government. 1885 Death of Alfonso XII. 1898 Spanish-American War and the of ParisTreaty 1902-1931 Reign of Alfonso XIII. Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera and the fall of the Monarchy (1923-1931) 1931 Municipal elections (14 April) and Proclamation of the Second Republic. Second Republic and the Civil War (1931-1939) 1931 Republican Constitution. 1936 Popular Front elections General Franco’s Regime (1939-1975) 1969 Appointment of Prince Juan Carlos as successor. Democratic Transition. 1975 Death of Franco. Proclamation of King Juan Carlos I. 1976 Political Reform Law (November) and Referendum (December). 1977 General elections (15 June). Relative majority for the UCD. Third government of the monarchy (4 July). President Adolfo Su ב rez. Spain requests membership in the EEC (28 July). 1978 Constitution Constitutional Monarchy

11. The Historical Memory Law (in Spanish: Ley de Memoria Histórica or La Ley por la que se reconocen y amplían derechos y se establecen medidas en favor de quienes padecieron persecución o violencia durante la Guerra Civil y la Dictadura) is a Spanish law passed by the Congress of Deputies on the 31st of October 2007. [1]. It was based on a bill proposed by the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party government of Prime Minister JoséSpanishCongress of Deputies31st of October2007 [1]Spanish Socialist Workers' PartyPrime MinisterJosé Luis Rodríguez ZapateroLuis Rodríguez Zapatero. The law recognises the victims on both sides of the Spanish Civil War, and the victims of the dictatorship of General Francisco FrancoSpanish Civil WardictatorshipGeneral Francisco Franco http://www.foroporlamemoria.info/simbolos_franquistas.php?id_prov=20 Historical Memory Law

12. The main provisions of the law are: Recognition of the victims of political, religious and ideological violence on both sides of the Spanish Civil War and of Franco's regime. Condemnation of the Francoist regime Prohibition of political events at the Valley of the Fallen - Franco's burial place.Valley of the Fallen The removal of francoist symbols from public buildings and spaces. Exceptions may be given for artistic or architectural reasons, or in the case of religious spaces. State help in the tracing, identification and eventual exhumation of victims of Francoist repression whose corpses are still missing, often buried in mass graves. The granting of Spanish nationality to surviving members of the International Brigades, without requiring them to renounce their own nationalities.International Brigades Rejection of the legitimacy of laws passed and trials conducted by the Francoist regime. Temporary change to Spanish nationality law, granting the right of return and de origen citizenship to those who left Spain under Franco for political or economic reasons, and their descendants.Spanish nationality lawright of return Provision of aid to the victims and descendants of victims of the Civil War and the Francoist regime

13. קבר אחים Santaella, פרברי קורדובה http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQqm2j2gK8k&feature=player_embedded

14. http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/feminist_art_base/gallery/albarracin.php?v=804 http://www.pilaralbarracin.com/home.htm Pilar Albarracin: Art and Gender in Andalucia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBENC6GeQz0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VtzdbFXCUIM&feature=fvw