1. First Aid & CPR Health II

2. Good Samaritan Laws Enacted in the U.S. to give legal protection to people who willing provide emergency care to ill or injured persons without accepting anything in return. Requires the “Good Samaritan” use common sense and reasonable level of skill, not to exceed the scope of the individual’s training in emergency situations.

3. Recognizing an Emergency Emergencies can often be recognized because of unusual sights, appearances or behaviors, odors, and noises. It may be challenging to recognize an emergency or sudden illness in some situations. A victim may deny anything is seriously wrong If you think something is wrong, check the victim. Ask questions. Questions may help you determine what is wrong.

4. 3 C’s Once an emergency has been recognized, be calm, and follow the emergency action steps: Check Call Care

5. CHECK The scene – for safety, to find out what happened, to determine how many victims there are, and for bystanders who can assist. The victim – for consciousness.

6. CHECK Check for life-threatening conditions, such as : Unconsciousness No breathing, or trouble breathing No signs of life (breathing or movement) Severe bleeding

7. CALL Call 9-1-1 if the ill or injured person: Is unconscious Is not breathing or having trouble breathing Is choking Has persistent chest pain Shows no signs of life (movement or breathing) Has severe bleeding Has severe burns Is in shock Has seizures

8. CALL Information for an emergency call: Be prepared to give this information to the emergency medical services (EMS) dispatcher: Location Street address City or Town Directions (cross streets, roads, landmarks, etc.) Exits and evacuation routes Telephone number from which the call is being made Caller’s name What happened? How many people are injured? Condition of injured person(s) Help (care) being given

9. CARE For life-threatening conditions.

10. Obtaining Consent Before giving care to a conscious victim you must first get consent. To get consent: 1.State your name 2.Tell the victim you are trained in first aid 3.Ask the victim if you can help 4.Explain what you think may be wrong 5.Explain what you plan to do 6.Once the victim gives consent, provide appropriate care. *A victim who is unconscious, confused, or seriously ill may not be able to grant consent. In such cases, consent is implied. Implied consent means that the victim would agree to care if he or she could.

11. American Red Cross Video Clip: Deciding to Act / Taking Action

12. Prioritizing Care In an emergency with more than one victim, you may need to prioritize care (determine who needs help first).

13. Prioritizing Care With your group, read the emergency situations. Circle the victim in each emergency who has a life-threatening condition and needs help first.

14. Emergency Situation #1 You are returning to work from a lunch break when you hear the sound of screeching wheels and then a crash. There has been a vehicle accident between a car that was leaving the parking lot and a truck. After checking the scene, you approach to check the victims. Which person needs help first? Victim #1: The driver of the truck who gets out to examine the driver and passenger of the car Victim #2: The driver of the car who is moaning in pain and appears to have a cut in the face. Victim #3: The passenger of the car who is not moving at all and appears to be unconscious.

15. Emergency Situation #2 You are at a construction site when you hear a loud, crashing noise and then some screaming. Parts of a structure and some scaffolding have collapsed, injuring several people. Which victim needs help first? Victim #1: The person who gets up slowly and stumbles away from the debris. Victim #2: The person who is bleeding severely and appears to have a broken arm. Victim #3: The person who is lying on the ground and tells you that her ankle hurts and she may have twisted it.

16. Emergency Situation #3 You and some co-workers have been working hard outside. It is a hot, humid day and all of you are exhausted. You take a short break and go to the cooler for some water. When you return, three of your co-workers are sitting down; they do not look well. One of them tried to stand up but falls over. Which person needs help first? Victim#1: The person who falls over and is now sitting on the ground. His skin appears moist and ashen, and he is sweating profusely. Victim #2: The person who has hot, red, dry skin. He appears to be unconscious and does not respond when you ask how he is feeling. Victim #3: The person who is sweating heavily and whose skin appears pale and moist. He complaining that he is tired.

17. Before Providing Care NEVER move and injured victim UNLESS : The scene is becoming unsafe You have to reach another victim who may have a more serious injury or illness. You need to provide proper care: Example: Someone has collapsed on a stairway, does not have a pulse, and needs CPR.

18. Checking a Conscious Adult (12 years and older) 1.Check the scene. 2.Check the person for life-threatening conditions. 3.Tell the person not to move, and get consent to give care. 4.If there are any life-threatening conditions, call 9-1-1.

19. Checking a Conscious Adult (12 years and older) If there are no life-threatening conditions, and the person is conscious, ask the person – What is your name? What happened? Where do you feel any pain or discomfort? Do you feel any numbness or loss of sensation? If so, where? Do you have any allergies? Do you have any medical conditions or are you taking any medications? If so, what conditions do you have or what medications are you taking? When did you last eat or drink anything? Give this information to EMS personnel when they arrive.

20. Checking a Conscious Adult (12 years and older) Checking an Adult from Head to Toe: Tell the person NOT to move any body part that hurts. Begin the check at the top of the head, face, ears, nose, and mouth. Look for cuts, bruises, bumps, depressions, bleeding, or fluid. Feel the person’s forehead with the back of the hand for temperature. Look at the coloring of the person’s face and lips. Notice how the skin looks and feels. Note if it is red or pale.

21. Checking a Conscious Adult (12 years and older) Checking an Adult from Head to Toe: (continued) Look over the body, starting at the head, scanning down the torso, arms and hands then legs and feet. Watch the person for signals of pain and listen for sounds of pain. Watch for changes in consciousness and breathing. When the check is complete, have the person rest comfortably while you care for the conditions you find.

22. American Red Cross Video Clip # 3 Checking a Conscious Adult

23. Checking a Conscious Adult (12 years and older) Scenarios Each member of your group will take turns role playing as a victim, rescuer, and bystander.