2. Step Up To: Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D. From Myers, Psychology 8e Worth Publishers

3. Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior You’re on, Neuron It’s all in your head That Smarts! The Systems Potpourri

4. 100 200 300 400 500 You’re on, Neuron

5. 100 200 300 400 500 It’s all in your head

6. 100 200 300 400 500 That Smarts!

7. 100 200 300 400 500 The Systems

8. 100 200 300 400 500 Potpourri

9. 1. The function of dendrites is to: A) receive incoming signals from other neurons. B) release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons. C) coordinate the activation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. D) control pain through the release of opiate-like chemicals into the brain.

10. 2. The longest part of a motor neuron is likely to be the: A) dendrite. B) axon. C) cell body. D) synapse.

11. 3. A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the: A) synapse. B) agonist. C) action potential. D) myelin sheath.

12. 4. José has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of: A) glutamate. B) dopamine. C) acetylcholine. D) endorphins.

13. 5. The reuptake of a neurotransmitter such as serotonin would involve the reabsorption of serotonin into a(n): A) axon terminal. B) receiving neuron. C) myelin sheath. D) glial cell.

14. 6. The reticular formation is located in the: A) brainstem. B) limbic system. C) somatosensory cortex. D) motor cortex. E) cerebellum.

15. 7. Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell? A) Hippocampus B) Amygdala C) angular gyrus D) thalamus

16. 8. The most extensive regions of the brain, which enable learning and memory, are called the: A) reticular formation. B) projection areas. C) association areas. D) temporal lobes.

17. 9. To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's: A) reticular formation. B) amygdala. C) medulla. D) cerebellum.

18. 10. After Kato's serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. Kato is most likely to have difficulty: A) experiencing intense emotions. B) reading a book. C) understanding what others are saying. D) tasting the flavors of foods.

19. 11. An impaired use of language is known as: A) tomography. B) plasticity. C) phrenology. D) aphasia.

20. 12. The benefits of brain plasticity are most clearly demonstrated in: A) children who have had a cerebral hemisphere surgically removed. B) individuals with Alzheimer's disease. C) adults with aphasia. D) elderly stroke patients. E) people free of any disease or brain damage.

21. 13. After Miguel's recent automobile accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebral cortex in Broca's area. It is likely that Miguel will have difficulty: A) remembering past events. B) speaking fluently. C) reading. D) understanding other people when they speak.

22. 14. After a sky-diving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people's speech. It is likely that her cortex was damaged in: A) the sensory area. B) Broca's area. C) the angular gyrus. D) Wernicke's area.

23. 15. In a recent car accident, Tamiko sustained damage to his right cerebral hemisphere. This injury is most likely to reduce Tamiko's ability to: A) facially express emotions. B) solve arithmetic problems. C) understand simple verbal requests. D) process information in an orderly sequence.

24. 16. In order for you to experience the pain of a sprained ankle, ________ must first relay messages from your ankle to your central nervous system. A) the limbic system B) Interneurons C) sensory neurons D) motor neurons E) the reticular formation

25. 17. The somatic nervous system is a component of the ________ nervous system. A) Peripheral B) Autonomic C) Central D) Sympathetic E) Parasympathetic

26. 18. You come home one night to find a burglar in your house. Your heart starts racing and you begin to perspire. These physical reactions are triggered by the: A) somatic nervous system. B) sympathetic nervous system. C) parasympathetic nervous system. D) limbic system.

27. 19. The sequence of brain regions from oldest to newest is: A) limbic system; brainstem; cerebral cortex. B) brainstem; cerebral cortex; limbic system. C) limbic system; cerebral cortex; brainstem. D) brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex. E) cerebral cortex; brainstem; limbic system.

28. 20. Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the formation of new memories? A) Hypothalamus B) Thalamus C) Hippocampus D) Medulla

29. 21. An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the surface of the brain is called a (an): A) brain lesion. B) EEG. C) PET scan. D) MRI.

30. 22. The ovaries in females and the testes in males are part of the: A) limbic system. B) endocrine system. C) sympathetic nervous system. D) reticular formation. E) central nervous system.

31. 23. If an individual's right cerebral hemisphere is completely destroyed by disease, that person is unable to see anything: A) with his or her right eye. B) with his or her left eye. C) in his or her right field of vision. D) in his or her left field of vision.

32. 24. The ability to simultaneously copy different figures with the right and left hand is most characteristic of those whose ______ has been lesioned. A) angular gyrus B) reticular formation C) corpus callosum D) motor cortex

33. 25. The person most likely to suggest that the shape of a person's skull indicates the extent to which that individual is argumentative and aggressive would be a: A) neurologist. B) behavior geneticist. C) psychoanalyst. D) phrenologist.

35. Stop here, or continue as a review

36. 1. The function of dendrites is to: A) receive incoming signals from other neurons. B) release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons. C) coordinate the activation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. D) control pain through the release of opiate-like chemicals into the brain. 55

37. 2. The longest part of a motor neuron is likely to be the: A) dendrite. B) axon. C) cell body. D) synapse. 55

38. 3. A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the: A) synapse. B) agonist. C) action potential. D) myelin sheath. 55

39. 4. José has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of: A) glutamate. B) dopamine. C) acetylcholine. D) endorphins. 59

40. 5. The reuptake of a neurotransmitter such as serotonin would involve the reabsorption of serotonin into a(n): A) axon terminal. B) receiving neuron. C) myelin sheath. D) glial cell. 57

41. 6. The reticular formation is located in the: A) brainstem. B) limbic system. C) somatosensory cortex. D) motor cortex. E) cerebellum. 71

42. 7. Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell? A) Hippocampus B) Amygdala C) angular gyrus D) thalamus 72

43. 8. The most extensive regions of the brain, which enable learning and memory, are called the: A) reticular formation. B) projection areas. C) association areas. D) temporal lobes. 79

44. 9. To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's: A) reticular formation. B) amygdala C) medulla. D) cerebellum. 72

45. 10. After Kato's serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. Kato is most likely to have difficulty: A) experiencing intense emotions. B) reading a book. C) understanding what others are saying. D) playing his guitar. 72

46. 11. An impaired use of language is known as: A) tomography. B) plasticity. C) phrenology. D) aphasia. 80

47. 12. The benefits of brain plasticity are most clearly demonstrated in: A) children who have had a cerebral hemisphere surgically removed. B) individuals with Alzheimer's disease. C) adults with aphasia. D) elderly stroke patients. E) people free of any disease or brain damage. 82

48. 13. After Miguel's recent automobile accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebral cortex in Broca's area. It is likely that Miguel will have difficulty: A) remembering past events. B) speaking fluently. C) reading. D) understanding other people when they speak. 81

49. 14. After a sky-diving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people's speech. It is likely that her cortex was damaged in: A) the sensory area. B) Broca's area. C) the angular gyrus. D) Wernicke's area. 81

50. 15. In a recent car accident, Tamiko sustained damage to his right cerebral hemisphere. This injury is most likely to reduce Tamiko's ability to: A) facially express emotions. B) solve arithmetic problems. C) understand simple verbal requests. D) process information in an orderly sequence. 84

51. 16. In order for you to experience the pain of a sprained ankle, ________ must first relay messages from your ankle to your central nervous system. A) the limbic system B) Interneurons C) sensory neurons D) motor neurons E) the reticular formation 62

52. 17. The somatic nervous system is a component of the ________ nervous system. A) Peripheral B) Autonomic C) Central D) Sympathetic E) Parasympathetic 62

53. 18. You come home one night to find a burglar in your house. Your heart starts racing and you begin to perspire. These physical reactions are triggered by the: A) somatic nervous system. B) sympathetic nervous system. C) parasympathetic nervous system. D) limbic system. 62

54. 19. The sequence of brain regions from oldest to newest is: A) limbic system; brainstem; cerebral cortex. B) brainstem; cerebral cortex; limbic system. C) limbic system; cerebral cortex; brainstem. D) brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex. E) cerebral cortex; brainstem; limbic system. 62

55. 20. Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the formation of new memories? A) Hypothalamus B) Thalamus C) Hippocampus D) Medulla 72

56. 21. An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the surface of the brain is called a (an): A) brain lesion. B) EEG. C) PET scan. D) MRI. 68

57. 22. The ovaries in females and the testes in males are part of the: A) limbic system. B) endocrine system. C) sympathetic nervous system. D) reticular formation. E) central nervous system. 65

58. 23. If an individual's right cerebral hemisphere is completely destroyed by disease, that person is unable to see anything: A) with his or her right eye. B) with his or her left eye. C) in his or her right field of vision. D) in his or her left field of vision. 84

59. 24: The ability to simultaneously copy different figures with the right and left hand is most characteristic of those whose ______ has been lesioned. A) angular gyrus B) reticular formation C) corpus callosum D) motor cortex 84

60. 25. The person most likely to suggest that the shape of a person's skull indicates the extent to which that individual is argumentative and aggressive would be a: A) neurologist. B) behavior geneticist. C) psychoanalyst. D) phrenologist. 53

61. Acknowledgements Step Up Created by: –John J. Schulte, Psy.D. Based on Psychology, Eighth Edition by David Myers Published by Worth Publishers, 2006

62. Answers Chapter 2 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.C 21.B 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.D