2. Passive voice

3. Passive Voice I.There is a passive infinitive form : be + past participle. We use this form after modal verbs (must,can,will,etc) and after a number of other structures (e.g. going to, have to, want to and would like to). Example What is passive voice?

4. Passive voice Passive Voice II.There is a passive perfect infinitive form: have been + past participle. We can use this form to talk about the past. The newspaper may have been thrown away last night. We should have been told about the dangers.

5. Passive voice Passive Voice III.There is also a passive – ing form: being + past participle. i.He remembers being given the book. ii.I don’t like being kept waiting.

6. Passive voice Using get instead of be in the passive We sometimes use get(+ past participle) instead of be (+ past participle) to make passive verbs.We do this, for example, when we talk about things that happen by accident or unexpectedly. We use get mostly in an informal style. Example

7. Passive voice Verb with two objects in the passive Some verbs eg give can have two objects. Someone gave Jimmy the money.(the two objects are Jimmy and the money.) In case like this,we can make two different passive sentences. Jimmy was given the money. The money was given to Jimmy. 1

8. Passive voice In general,it is more usual for passive sentences to begin with the person. Other verbs which can have two objects include send,offer,show,pay,teach,promise and tell. –I was sent a telegram. –She will be told the news. 2

9. Passive voice The passive with by and with By + agent Active : Marconi invented the radio. Passive : The radio is invented by Marconi. Active : The strong winds blew down a number of trees. Passive : A number of trees were blown down by the strong winds.

10. Passive voice We sometimes use the subject of an active sentence (eg Marconi, the strong winds ) as ‘the agent’ in a passive sentence. When this happens, we use by to introduce the agent in the passive. We only use by + agent when it is important to say who or what is responsible for something.

11. Passive voice With + instrument. We use with to talk about an instrument which is used by the agent to do something. He was killed with a knife. He was killed by his wife. With + material We also use with to talk about materials or ingredients. The room was filled with smoke. Irish coffee is made with whiskey

12. Passive voice Example This house (built)_________in 1795. He(invite)______________ to the party. The windows(open)________ by him. The house(print)_________ at the moment. Football(play)_________ all over the world. I(attack)____________by a man. The photo(take)_________ with this camera. My car(steal)__________last night. was built has been invited is opened is printed is played was attacked is taken was stolen

13. Passive voice Example Active: Someone cleans the office every day. Passive: Active: The bog bites him. Passive: Active: The teacher punishes the students. Passive: Active: I made a mistake. Passive: The office is cleaned every day. He is bit by the dog. The students are punished by the teacher. A mistake was made.

14. Passive voice I. 毛俊銘 II. 梁啟琛 III. 黃威文 IV. 吳清泰 V. 羅兆榮

15. Passive voice Example i.This door must be kept locked. ii.The job can’t be done. iii.He’s going to be interviewed next week. iv.The new motorway will be opened next summer. v.I don’t want to be disturbed. Back

16. Passive voice Example When Annie ran across the road,she nearly got run over by a car. I was surprised that I didn’t get invited to the party. Luckily,nobody got hurt in the accident. Back