1. Goal 1 The New Nation (1789-1820) The learner will identify, investigate, and assess the effectiveness of institutions of the emerging republic. 1-1 Identify the major domestic issues and conflicts experienced by the nation during the Federalist Period. 1-3 Assess commercial and diplomatic relationships with Britain, France, and other nations.

2. Daily Essential Questions: How did the development of political parties impact the election of 1796? What political issues did Adams have to confront both foreign and domestic?

3. Jefferson on Hamilton I just wish Hamilton would roll over and die. He and I cannot and will not ever agree on anything it seems. Ever! His interpretation of our constitution is too loose and is making a mockery of all we fought against. A National Bank! Who needs it? Why does he feel it is necessary? It isn't! It is convenient, yes, but necessary? I think not. His disdain for the common man infuriates me. I think someone has forgotten his origin. I fear that we are driving poor Washington insane, and I believe that he will not remain in office much longer. Hamilton on Jefferson Although John Adams will make a fine president, it is Jefferson I am worried about. He is a good man with good intentions, but he does not need to be so afraid of the government having a little power. Congress, the executive branch, and the judicial branch will keep each other in check, and the people will always have the last say in the matter. Just ask King George. If Jefferson had his way, there would not be any government to speak of. We would be left to struggle with basic problems. Jefferson just has too much confidence in people as a whole. The average man on his own is a very logical human being, however, large groups of people become hostile easily and very unstable. That is why the national government needs to be strong. It does not matter that the man has contradicted everything I have ever said. Even the National Bank, which will put our economy on a strong base and bring our states closer together, he distrusted. I just hope people will be able to see how important a strong national government is, and what it can accomplish for the good of the people. Maybe with time, they will see. Read the two passages.

4. Parties Develop (Hamilton and Jefferson have opposing views) Federalists: led by Hamilton Supported strong national gov’t Loose view of constitution Favors NE businessmen & merchants Democratic- Republicans: led by Jefferson and Madison Supported limited role of federal gov’t Southerners, farmers, yeomen Strict interpretation of the constitution

5. Adams is Elected (1796) 1796 Election: Adams is elected President (Federalist), Jefferson Vice President (Democratic- Republican) What is the problem with this? Problem eventually fixed by 12 th amendment: election of executives separately

6. XYZ AFFAIR Neutrality strained relations with France and Britain US sends ambassadors to fix relations—bribes are demanded—US is outraged as story gets out leading to an anti-French sentiment and undeclared naval war **************************************************************** Political Parties oppose each other (ties back to Washington’s warning): Federalist align with Britain Dem-Republicans align with French (many immigrants in this party) Convention of 1800 avoids war! Ends alliance officially with France and the undeclared naval war begins

7. Alien & Sedition Acts Federalists passed laws to limit criticism of the gov’t by those sensitive to the French (Democratic Republicans) and restrict citizenship rights Would have limited freedom of speech and allowed deportation of unpopular aliens Alien Acts—increased citizenship requirements, deported unpopular aliens Sedition Act—fines and jail for speaking against gov’t, limits freedom of speech

8. Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions: issued to declare the laws (Alien and Sedition Acts) unconstitutional (state’s rights v. federal power) written by Jefferson and Madison Presented idea of nullification: right to consider certain acts of Congress void if deemed unconstitutional

9. Outraged Democratic-Republicans called these a clear violation of freedom of speech under the first amendment a.Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions b.Proclamation of Neutrality c.Jay’s Treaty d.Alien and Sedition Acts

10. These declarations claimed the states have rights to declare any act of Congress void or unconstitutional? a.Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions b.Proclamation of Neutrality c.Jay’s Treaty d.Alien and Sedition Acts

11. How would the Alien and Sedition Acts most strongly apply to today? a.They would end all immigration b.They would be used to fight terrorism c.The would allow unlimited immigration to Mexico d.The would create harsher penalties for illegal immigrants

12. Which best replaces the question mark in the Venn diagram? a.Author of some of the Federalist Papers b.Member of the first presidential cabinet c.Supporter of a strict interpretation of the constitution d.Supporter of a strong central gov’t HamiltonJefferson

13. Which best completes the sequence of events? a.Alien and Sedition Acts b.Election of 1796 c.Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions d.Nullification of Jay’s Treaty Jay’s Treaty with BritainConflict with France XYZ Affair ?