1. Human Dentition Introduction Dental Anatomy Includes:
1- Nomenclature & terminology.
2- The external morphology and internal composition of individual teeth.
3-How tooth form serves its function.
4- The relationship of teeth to each other and to the jaw bones.

2. Dental Anatomy
The Jaws & Dental Arches

3. The Jaws and Dental Arches
A. The maxilla is two bones forming
the upper jaw;
they are rigidly attached to the skull.
B. The mandible is a horse-shoe shaped bone which articulates with the skull by way of the temporo-mandibular joint the TMJ.

4. Quadrants: right & left quadrants
Maxillary right
and left.
Mandibular right
4 Quadrants
Right
Left

5. Functions of Teeth 1- Mastication: Incisors Canine Premolars Molars
teeth are designed to perform this function.
Incisors
Canine
Premolars
Molars
Chisel like
Cutting or
incising
At least two
projections
(cusps).
Tearing and
grinding
Wedge like
Cutting
and
tearing
Multiple
projections
(cusps)
Grinding

6. 2- Appearance: 3- Speech: 4- Growth of jaws:
- Well arranged clean teeth with proper alignment give nice appearance to the face. – Teeth give support to the facial expressions.
3- Speech:
for clear pronunciation and production of sound.
4- Growth of jaws:
The teeth play a role in the growth of the jaws in some periods of life.

7. Types of Teeth

8. Types of Teeth Anterior Teeth Posterior Teeth for
cutting & tearing food
Posterior Teeth

9. Anterior Teeth Canine (tears) Cuspids/ lateral and Central
Incisors (bites into food)

10. Premolars: (in permanent only)
Upper
First premolar
&
Second premolar
Lower
All Molars grind food

11. Molars: Upper Lower First & second Wisdom tooth =
Third permanent molar

12. Types of Dentitions: Primary & Permanent Dentition

13. Primary Teeth

14. Permanent Teeth
Cte math 1

15. Example of a Line Graph
Plant's Height
Plant Height
Cte math 2

16. Students will make a line graph!
Permanent Teeth
Students will make a line graph!
Students will draw their own graph.
CTE Math 3

17. Glucose changes over time
At 9 a.m., Sally checks her glucose level. According to the chart, what is her level?
At 12 p.m., Sally checks her glucose level. According to the chart, what is her level?
3. Why are line graphs so important in the medical field?
Cte math 4

19. THE END
This ends with the CTE/MATH Program.

20. Types of Dentitions: I-Primary Dentition Deciduous ,baby, milk teeth:
a. Twenty ( 20)
primary teeth.
b. 10 in each arch
c in each quadrant
In function:
2 years  12 years

21. I-Primary Dentition

22. Mixed Dentition Period
6 years  12 years
Eruption of
first permanent molar
Shedding of
last primary
molar

23. 6 years  eruption of first permanent molar

24. 12 years  Shedding of last primary molar

25. II-Permanent Dentition
In function:
12 years
through out
life

26. Tooth Identification Systems Numbering or Coding Systems
Palmer Notation System
Universal System
International FDI System
(two digit system)

27. Universal system
for
Permanent Teeth

28. Universal System for Primary Teeth

29. Macro & Micro-anatomy of Teeth
crown
neck
root

30. Surrounding Bone: Crypt  developing tooth Socket  erupted tooth root

31. Anatomical Crown & Clinical Crown

32. Single-rooted Multi-rooted

33. Micro-anatomy of Teeth

34. Pulp Cavity 1-Coronal pulp: Pulp chamber Pulp horns 2-Radicular pulp:
Root canal
Apical foramen

35. Pulp Cavity in Root
2-Radicular pulp:
Root canal
Apical foramen

36. Surfaces of Teeth

37. Surfaces of teeth are identified by the relationship to surrounding orofacial structures
Each tooth has
Five surfaces:
Facial
Lingual,
Mesial, and
Distal (proximal)
Functioning surf.
(Incisal) occlusal,

38. FACIAL SURFACE any surface on the outside (towards the face)
LABIAL is facial surface of the anterior teeth (green),
2. BUCCAL is the facial surface of the posterior teeth (blue).

39. Surfaces in between two teeth:
Inter-proximal
surfaces:
Surfaces in between two teeth:
Facing towards the midline: MESIAL.
Facing away from the midline:  DISTAL

40. LINGUAL The surfaces facing the tongue
palatal
PALATAL
on the maxilla.

41. Functioning Surfaces: chewing/biting surfaces of teeth :
OCCLUSAL: chewing surfaces of
posterior teeth
INCISAL: the anteriors’
biting surface

42. Line and Point Angles
Division into Thirds

43. Line and Point Angles Line angle: Point angle:
It is formed by the junction
of two surfaces
and its name is derived
from both surfaces
Point angle:
It is formed by the junction
of three surfaces
and its name is derived
from these surfaces.

44. Line Angles
of Anterior Teeth

45. Line Angles
of Posterior Teeth

46. Point Angles
Meeting of 3 surfaces

47. Division into Thirds

48. Anatomical Landmarks of the Crown
Developmental data:
Lobe:
It is one of the primary centers of calcification and growth formed during the crown development.
Each tooth begins to develop from four lobes or more.
The pulp chamber has pulp horns corresponding to these lobes.

49. Anterior teeth
premolars

50. Maxillary molars
Mandibular molars

51. A- Crown Elevations: 3-Cusps 1-Mamelons 2-Cingulum
They are three small rounded projections of enamel present in the incisal third of newly erupted incisors
It is the bulge on the cervical third of lingual surface of the crown in anterior teeth
They are pyramidal projections on the incisal portion of the canine and on the occlusal surfaces of the premolars and molars

52. 4-Tubercle
It is a small elevation produced by excessive formation of enamel.
Tubercle is noticed at :
the palatal surface of E & 6
sometimes at the lingual surface of
incisors over the cingulum.
N.B. Tubercle differs from cusp , it is formed of enamel only while cusp is formed of pulp horn covered by dentin and enamel.

53. 5-Ridges Marginal Linear Triangular Linear ridges:
Ridge or elevation of enamel forming the margin of the surface of a tooth;
on mesial /distal margins of lingual surfaces anterior
teeth.
mesial & distal margins of occlusal surfaces posterior teeth
Linear ridges:
Elevated portions of tooth run in a
line named for their location
Cervical
Incisal
Labial
Buccal
Lingual
Transverse Ridge
Oblique Ridge

54. B-Crown Depressions Linear Depressions Irregular Depressions 1-Fossa
1-Developmental
grooves:
Shallow grooves that
separate cusps or primary
parts of teeth
1-Fossa
Depression or concavity
2- Supplemental
grooves:
Lingual
fossa
Small , irregularly placed
auxiliary grooves.
Branches from developmental grooves.
They do not denote union of primary lobes.
The third molars followed by second permanent molars are characterized by high number of supplemental grooves.
triangular
fossae
Central
fossa

55. Irregular Depressions
Linear Depressions
Irregular Depressions
3- Fissures
2- PITS:
Found in the bottom of developmental grooves.
Result from incomplete union of the primary lobes.
Represent a fault in enamel.
b- FAULTY PIT:
Develop as a result
of incomplete formation of
enamel.
It is located at the end of
the buccal developmental
grooves of the lower molars or palatal developmental
grooves of the upper molars.