1. Kingdom Fungi

2. June 8, 2016 Importance of Kingdom Fungi 1. many pathogenic species  ex. Ringworm  ex. athlete’s foot  ex. potato blight 2. decomposers  i.e. saprophytes  recycle dead organisms (fertilize soil)  break down toxic waste

3. June 8, 2016 Importance of Kingdom Fungi 3. some species produce antibiotics ex. Penicillium 4. food source * mushrooms (vitamin D) * make blue cheeses 5. yeast: used commercially to make:  bread  beer & wine chicken of the woods edible mushrooms beefsteak

4. June 8, 2016 Similarities Between Plants & Fungi Plants Fungi  eukaryotic cells  numerous organelles  multicellular (*except yeast)  have cell walls  anchored in soil  stationary  reproduce asexually or sexually

5. June 8, 2016 Differences Between Plants & Fungi PlantsFungi one nucleus per cellmany nuclei per cell autotrophsheterotrophs have rootsno roots cellulose in cell walls chitin in cell walls (like insects) reproduce by seedsno seeds

6. June 8, 2016 Generalized Structure  made of thin filaments called hyphae A cell wall nuclei

7. June 8, 2016 Generalized Structure B

8. June 8, 2016 Generalized Structure mycelium formed by many intertwined hyphae  i.e. colony  usually forms on or below surface of soil C mycelium showing many interlocking hyphae

9. June 8, 2016 Life Cycle – Asexual Reproduction spores:  unicellular reproductive cells  formed in specialized spore cases called sporangia (um)  when mature, sporangia break open releasing 1000’s of spores to be carried by the wind Sporangiophore  each spore forms a new mycelium (identical to parent)  ex. Rhizopus stoloniferous- bread mould

10. June 8, 2016 Life Cycle – Sexual Reproduction  2 nuclei in specialized hyphae fuse  grow into a mushroom (fruiting body)  sexually produced spores form on the inside of the gills  as spores mature, mushroom opens up & releases its spores to the wind (up to 2 billion/mushroom)  each spore grows into a genetically different mycelium

11. June 8, 2016 Life Cycle – Sexual Reproduction cap gills stalk

12. June 8, 2016 Yeast  different from other fungi because:  unicellular  reproduce asexually by budding 1. nucleus doubles 2. one nucleus moves into the bud 3. bud grows & falls off to become a new yeast cell identical to parent

13. June 8, 2016 Homework 1. Page 140 # 1, 3, 5, 6, 8 2. Study for the test!!