1. Unit 5: World War I Bellwork:
Would you have your friend’s back in a fight? Explain.
What we will learn: 10.5 Students analyze the causes and course of the First World War.
Analyze the arguments for entering into war presented by leaders from all sides of the Great War and the role of political and economic rivalries, ethnic and ideological conflicts, domestic discontent and disorder, and propaganda and nationalism in mobilizing the civilian population in support of “total war.”

2. 13.1 Marching Towards War

3. Objectives
Identify the political and military forces at work in Europe in the late 1800’s.
List the countries that made up the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente.
Summarize the events that set World War I in motion.

4. Essential Question
What were the causes/events that led to World War I?

5. Big Idea
POWER AND AUTHORITY In Europe, military buildup, nationalistic feelings, and rival alliances set the stage for a continental war. Ethnic conflict in the Balkan region, which helped start the war, continued to erupt in that area in the 1990s.

6. Why did World War I Start???

7. NATIONALISM Nationalism: Deep devotion to one’s own country
Increased competition
Each ethnic group wanted their own country
Created conflicts in the Balkans
Slavic people wanted to be free from Ottoman rule
Border disputes
France wanted Alsace-Lorraine back from Germany after losing it during the Franco-Prussian War 7

8. Alsace-Lorraine

9. IMPERIALISM
The attempt to create an empire either through economic or political dominance.
Increase in rivalry in Europe
Countries were clashing for new markets especially
Who gets North Africa? 9

10. Militarism Glorifying of military power
Kept militaries prepared for war
Conscription (military draft)
Larger militaries

11. Militarism
The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war was known as militarism. Having a large and strong standing army made citizens feel patriotic. However, it also frightened some people.

12. Militarism
As early as 1895, Frédéric Passy, a prominent peace activist, expressed a concern that many shared:
“The entire able-bodied population are preparing to massacre one another; though no one, it is true, wants to attack, and everybody protests his love of peace and determination to maintain it, yet the whole world feels that it only requires some unforeseen incident, some unpreventable accident, for the spark to fall in a flash and blow all Europe sky-high.”

13. Check for Understanding
What were the three factors at work in Europe that helped set the stage for war?

14. Check for Understanding
What is militarism?

15. Check for Understanding
How do imperialism and militarism work together to promote war?

16. Alliances
Alliance: agreement between two or more parties, with common goals and interests
Europe became paranoid and was forming entangled alliances with each other to protect themselves.

17. Alliances Tangled system of alliances throughout Europe
Each nation was required to support its allies
Small disputes would result in a large-scale war

18. Shifting Alliances Threaten Peace
In 1890, Germany’s foreign policy changed dramatically. With Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany.
The Kaiser was eager to show the world just how mighty Germany had become.
The army was his greatest pride. “I and the army were born for one another,” Wilhelm declared shortly after taking power.
Wilhelm let his nation’s treaty with Russia lapse in Russia responded by forming a defensive military alliance with France in 1892 and 1894.
Wilhelm began a tremendous shipbuilding program in an effort to make the German navy equal to that of the mighty British fleet.
Alarmed, Great Britain formed an entente, or alliance, with both France and Russia.
By 1907, two rival camps existed in Europe-A dispute between two rival powers could draw all the nations of Europe into war.

19. Alliances A. Triple Alliance Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy
Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria joined in 1915
Called the Central Powers
Tried to isolate France

20. ALLIANCE
TRIPLE 20

21. Alliances B. Triple Entente France, Great Britain, and Russia
Italy joined in 1915
United States joined in 1917
Called the Allies
Response to Germany’s increase in military power

22. TRIPLE ALLIANCE
GERMANY
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY
ITALY
ENTENTE
TRIPLE 22

23. 23

24. Check for Understanding
What prompted alliances to be formed in Europe?

25. Check for Understanding
Who were the members of the Triple Alliance?

26. Check for Understanding
Who were the members of the Triple Entente?

27. Check for Understanding
How could a dispute between the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente draw all of Europe into a conflict?

28. Factors Leading to War F. Balkan Peninsula Called the “Powder Keg”
Could explode into conflict at any moment
400 years of ethnic and political conflicts
Austria-Hungary vs. Russia
Competed for influence in the Balkans
Russia supported Serbian Independence
Austria-Hungary opposed Serbian Independence

29. Balkan Peninsula; aka: “Powder Keg”

30. 30

31. ASSASSINATION (6/28/1914) Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated
Heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary
Assassinated by a Serbian (Gavrilo Princip who is part of the “Black Hands”)
Gives Austria-Hungary an excuse to declare war 31

32. Sophie (his wife)
Archduke Franz Ferdinand

34. 34

36. Gavrilo Princip

37. Blood-Stained Jacket of the
Archduke

38. An ultimatum is a list of demands that, if not met, will lead to serious consequences

39. War
Because the assassin was a Serbian, Austria decided to use the murders as an excuse to punish Serbia.
On July 23, Austria presented Serbia with an ultimatum containing numerous demands.
Serbia knew that refusing the ultimatum would lead to war against the more powerful Austria.
The nation’s leaders had already settled on war.
On July 28, Austria rejected Serbia’s offer and declared war.

40. Check for Understanding
What were the reasons for the hostility between Austria-Hungary and Serbia?

41. Check for Understanding
Why was the Balkans known as the “powder keg” of Europe?

42. Check for Understanding
Who assassinated the Archduke and his wife?

43. Causes of World War I

44. Summary
What were the causes/events that led to World War I?

45. A N I M Front: Letter and full word underneath Back: top: definition
Billy says: If you are what you eat, are cannibals the only true humans? M
Militarism A N I
Front: Letter and full word underneath
Back:
top: definition
bottom: tell me how that item contributed to World War I