1. Emancipation Proclamation:
Document that frees the slaves in the south only

2. EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
Freed all slaves in states in rebellion against the US
Did not apply to slaves in border states fighting for US
No affect on southern areas already under US control.
War was NOW fought to end slavery.
US soldiers were “Freedom Fighters”

3. Over 200,000 freed slaves fought for the US…..
BLACK TROOPS
Black troops
Over 200,000 freed slaves fought for the US…..
Famous 54th Black Regiment of Massachusetts which was organized by Frederick Douglass…..

4. Impact on Future Conflicts
Expanding battlefield due to new technology.
Defense is favored.
fortification.
Beginnings of trend toward dispersal and increased “individual” combat.
Shift to Total War
Whole government had to be removed for success.
Civil and military “targets”.
Sherman’s March to the Sea.
Emancipation Proclamation.

5. Why did the North win?
In an essay some years ago, Richard Current suggested that "God was on the side of the heaviest battalions," but is that a complete explanation?
What other factors contributed to the outcome? Bring together these factors, and, after a careful analysis, determine why the North did win.

6. During the war Lincoln breaks the law!
LINCOLN'S "NECESSARY" ACTIONS
During the war Lincoln breaks the law!
Closed “rebel” newspapers: Violated 1st amendment rights of “free speech and press”.

7. LINCOLN'S "NECESSARY" ACTIONS
Suspends the writ of habeas corpus: Protects from unfair arrest and trial by jury.
Arrested over 15,000 civilians: Without “probable cause”---suspicious “Rebel” sympathizers.
Occupation of Baltimore: Controlled by military---- “martial law”

8. Assassination of Lincoln
On April 14, 1865, Booth shot President Lincoln while he was watching a play at Ford’s Theater.

10. Lincoln’s death

11. Sketch of Lincoln’s death

13. Lincoln’s death

15. Picture: Lincoln’s Assassination

16. PRESIDENT ANDREW JOHNSON
Lincoln’s 2nd Vice president
Governor from confederate Tennessee
Was a democrat, southern and unpopular with Congress
Lincoln chose him as his VP to help with the South’s Reconstruction.
Was the wrong man at the wrong time to be president….

17. The rebuilding of the South after the Civil war destroyed it.
Reconstruction
The rebuilding of the South after the Civil war destroyed it.

19. How did the Civil War affect the south?
Many cities in the south were destroyed, that had to be rebuilt. The war had a greater affect on the south.

21. Richmond Virginia- The former capitol of the Confederacy

23. What did the south look like?

24. What did the south look like?

25. Reconstruction Plans

26. Lincoln’s Plan: "With malice toward none, with charity for all."
He wanted to reunite the north and south

27. Lincoln/Johnson’s Plan:
10% Plan- Once ten percent of a southern state's 1860 voters had to take an oath of loyalty to rejoin the Union.

28. Radical Republicans:
Northerners in Congress who wanted serious changes.
Believed the South should be punished for starting the war.

29. Wanted to the see the South punished.
RADICAL REPUBLICANS
Thaddeus Stevens
Charles Summner
Wanted to the see the South punished.
Advocated help for Freedmen:
Political Voting rights
Social  Schools
Economic Equality Land, jobs (40 acres and a mule)
Radical Republicans

30. RADICAL REPUBLICANS
Thaddeus Stevens
Charles Summner
Would go after President Johnson through the impeachment process after he vetoes the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

31. Radical Republicans: 1.Blacks should vote. (radical idea)
2.Wanted to take rich southerners property
3. A majority (50%) of southerners must swear loyalty.

32. 2a. How did Lincoln’s plan differ from the Wade-Davis bill?
Lincoln’s plan  Forgiveness
Only 10% had to pledge loyalty to the union.
Wade-Davis Revenge
50% had to pledge loyalty
No men who fought for the confederacy could run for office.

33. Jim Crow Laws:
Similar to Black Codes, Jim Crow laws are also known as “Negro Laws” that segregate society or separate society by race.

34. Segregation Separating people of different races in public places.
(Jim Crow = segregation laws)

35. Segregation

36. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

38. Examples of Jim Crow Laws

39. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

40. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

41. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

42. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

43. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

44. Conservative Democrats
Southerners who did not want change.
Many were former Confederate soldiers who did not want Blacks to vote.

45. Conservative Democrats
Many eventually become part of the Klu Klux Klan (KKK)

46. Conservative Democrats
The KKK used terror tactics to keep blacks from voting.

47. Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
To enforce Reconstruction laws in the south.
Divided the south into 5 military districts.

49. Military Reconstruction Act

50. Freedman's Bureau 
Government agency designed to help the freed slaves

52. Freedman’s bureau school

53. Freedmen’s Bureau 2

55. Freedmen’s Bureau 3

56. Freedmen’s Bureau 4

57. Freedmen’s Bureau 5

58. Plenty to eat and nothing to do.
Freedmen’s Bureau Seen Through Southern Eyes
Plenty to eat and nothing to do.

63. Reconstruction Amendments
13th
14th
15th

64. Reconstruction Amendments
13th 14th 15th
Bans Slavery Citizenship Right to Vote
Slavery is illegal in all states
Anyone born in the USA is a citizen
Gives Due process to all
Blacks can vote

65. Southern response to the Reconstruction Amendments

66. Black Codes:
State Laws in the south that limited the rights of freedman.
Such as:
Forbidding their right to vote
Forbidding them to sit on juries

67. Black Codes:
No right to bear arms
Banning them from certain jobs

68. Jim Crow Laws:
Similar to Black Codes, Jim Crow laws are also known as “Negro Laws” that segregate society or separate society by race.

69. Segregation Separating people of different races in public places.
(Jim Crow = segregation laws)

70. Segregation

71. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

73. Examples of Jim Crow Laws

74. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

75. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

76. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

77. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

78. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

79. Poll Tax
Forcing payment before voting.

80. Literacy Test
Exam used to prevent people from voting

81. Grandfather Clause
Law that stated if your grandfather could vote, you could vote.

82. Segregation
The separation of races in public places.

83. Carpet Baggers
Northerners who moved to the south to profit from the destruction of the war

87. Homer Plessy
The man involved in the court case “Plessy vs. Ferguson” that declared Segregation was Legal.

88. Plessy V. Ferguson Mr. Plessy 1/8 Black 7/8 White
Road on a train in Louisiana, was forced to sit in the segregated colored section.

90. Plessy V. Ferguson
The Judge ruled that segregation is legal, but “Separate But Equal” Facilities must be provided.

91. Sharecropping
A laborer works the land for the farmer who owns in in exchange for a share of the value of the crop.

92. 25. SHARECROPPING
Sharecroppers were Freedmen and poor Whites who stayed in the South and continued to farm.
Freedmen signed a work contract with their former masters .
Picked cotton or whatever crop the landowner had.
Freedmen did not receive “40 acres and a mule”

93. Sharecroppers

94. Advantages Disadvantages
SHARECROPPING
Advantages
Part of a business venture
Raised their social status
Received 1/3 to 1/2 of crop when harvested
Raised their self esteem
Disadvantages
Blacks stay in South
Some landowners refused to honor the contract
Blacks poor and in debt
Economic slavery
Sharecroppers

95. How did many Freedmen and whites become locked in a cycle of poverty?
Sharecroppers bought farm supplies from landowners on credit, then shared the profits.
They did not make enough to pay debts and had to keep working for the landowners to repay them.

96. Military Reconstruction Act

98. Corrupt Bargain vs
Rutherford B. Hayes Samuel Tilden
The election of 1876 and the Compromise of 1877 are referred to as the Corrupt Bargain.
Three southern states withhold their electoral votes until Hayes agrees to pull the Union troops out of the South.
There is no protection for the Freedmen and the South will regain their states and go back to the way it was.

99. 1876 Election *Disputed Electoral votes
Tilden did not receive enough electoral votes.
Special Commission gives votes to Hayes.
Hayes wins the election
Democrats refuse to recognize Hayes as President *
*Disputed Electoral votes
164
369 total electoral votes, need 185 to win.

100. Hayes pulls the troops out of the South.
Agreement between Democrats and Republicans
Hayes pulls the troops out of the South.
Southerners take over their state governments called “REDEEMERS”
Successes Freedmen would be lost because Southerners would take over their state governments.
Jim Crow laws kept Blacks from voting and becoming equal citizens.
Cartoon of Hayes: end of Reconst

102. Terror Tactics

103. KKK

106. KKK
Lynching Victim

108. What factors contributed to the end of Reconstruction?
1. Northerners lost faith bc of government corruption
2. The election of 1876 Scandal!
3. Democratic Candidates taking back the south.

109. What methods did states use to deprive African Americans of their rights?
Poll Taxes
Literacy Tests
Jim Crow (Segregation) laws
Grandfather Clause
KKK-Violence

110. What was the “New South” that was emerging by 1900?
New south began to develop its own resources, setting up mills and factories to turn its resources into useful goods.

111. 9/16 How Blacks were kept from Voting in the south
1. KKK
2. Grandfather Clause
3. Literacy Tests
4. Poll Taxes

117. KKK – Domestic terror group that sought to keep blacks from voting

118. Grandfather Clause-
Law that stated if your grandfather could vote, you could vote.
(No blacks before the 15th amendment could vote, so none after that could either)

119. Literacy Test:
Exam used to prevent people from voting

120. Literacy Tests

121. Poll Taxes:
Forcing payment before voting.