1. World War II
Sides
Battles

2. Axis Powers (Communism, Dictatorship) VS
Axis Powers (Communism, Dictatorship) VS. Allied Powers (Democracy, Free Enterprise)

3. The Main Allied Powers United States United Kingdom Soviet Union
France

4. The main Axis Powers were?
Germany
Italy
Japan
Nazi Germany
Fascist Italy
Japan

5. Hitler

6. Germany

7. Italy

8. Hitler (right) Mussolini (left)

9. Japan

10. Hideki Tojo Forced Konoye’ to resign Became Japan’s Prime Minister
Approved the attack on Pearl Harbor

11. USA

12. Franklin D. Roosevelt
                                             

13. Winston Churchill
Prime Minister
Of the United Kingdom

14. United Kingdom Map

15. France

16. Charles De Gaulle
France’s President

17. Soviet Union

18. Joseph Stalin
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Union

19. Reason the War Started
Germany wants the Sudetenland (rich in resources) to fuel his war machine.
Sudetenland located in Austria/Hungary/Czechoslovakia
Anschluss unification of Austria and Germany
Great Britain and France appease Nazi Party to prevent war
Czechoslovakia upset democracy
Germany demand the Danzig port back to Germany (strong ties with Germany)
Nazi sign Non-aggression Act with Russia

20. World War II (Length)
Sept 1st, Officially starts when Germany invades Poland
December 8th, US declares War on Japan (day after Pearl Harbor)
2300 servicemen,18 ships and 150 planes lost
Congress voted; Senate 82-0 and House to declare war on Japan
June 6th, 1944 – D-Day
February of Germany surrenders at Yalta in
August 6th, First A-bomb dropped (Hiroshima - killed 80,00 Japan says 200,00? –90% of city)
August 9th, Second A-bomb dropped (Nagasaki – killed 45,000)
September 2nd, 1945 Japan surrenders (War over)

21. War and Battles Key Dates Germany invades Soviet Union
German troops invade Balkan countries
Pearl Harbor
Battle of Alamein
Battle of Stahlingrad
Bataan Death March
Battle of Atlantic
D-Day Invasion (Normandy)
Battle of the Bulge
Battle of the Coral Sea
Battle of Midway
Guadalcanal
Battle of Leyte Gulf
Battle of Iwo Jima
Battle of Okinawa
Manhattan Project

22. Leningrad Now called St. Petersburg
Germany surrounds Leningrad and 600,000 civilians starve and die
,000 Soviets a day starve

23. Balkan Invasion German drive British forces from Greece
take control of Caspian Sea (oil)
Suez Canal trade.
Germany forces British and other soldiers to work in labor camps

24. Caspian Sea
Suez Canal

25. Battle of Alamein
Italy and Germany have control of Northern Africa and are headed towards Cairo/Suez Canal
US decides to start here because the Axis forces are less powerful and stop German forces from Tunisia to Libya.
The Battle of Alamein forces Germany out Northern Africa

26. Battle of Stalingrad Some of the fiercest fighting of war
Germany halted at Stalingrad in 1943 after 3 months of fighting
300,000 Germans and 500,000 Soviets dead

27. Remember Stalingrad
"We think of the great battle on the Volga without hatred or malice.
However, we consider Stalingrad to be a lesson from the past which, unfortunately, must be remembered. Should that war be recalled? Some think not, but I don't agree. That war must be recalled until the time when mankind will say: "we don't want war and will do everything possible to prevent it so that never again will there be war on this earth". There will be a day when we shall stop recalling the war and say: it was the last - not because we should like to believe it is so, but because we shall know it is so.                          Text by the Soviet writer Konstantin Simonov.

28. Bataan Death March
General Douglas MacArthur put in charge of the Philippines, but could do little to stop Japan
Japan takes American base at the Philippines by seizing the Capital at Manilla
Japan target British Naval base at Singapore
Japan takes British, American and Filipino prisoners and were put on a Death March of over 65 miles were they are clubbed, shot and starved.
Around 7,000-10,000 Filipino’s were killed
MacArthur ordered to flee to Australia, stated “I shall return!”

29. Bataan Peninsula The Bataan Penninsula is Located 28 miles west of
Minila

30. Bombing of Tokyo
While MacArthur was leaving the Philippines, Lieutenant Colonel James Doolittle was put in command of the mission that bombed Japan on April 18.
In early 1942, B-25 bombers replaced the aircraft carriers’ short-range bombers because they could attack from farther away. Tokyo was the key target.

31. Battle at Coral Sea
American Navy despite being half the size of Japans stop Japan’s movement towards Australia
Battle fought by Warplanes
Beginning of Japanese decline

32. Island Hopping
The next phase of this War was no to be directed to our primary target…JAPAN.
The strategy that led to the eventual downfall of Japan became known as Island Hopping which was the skipping from nearby island to the next nearby island until our hops ended up close to Japan

33. Island Hopping

34. Battle of Midway
Japan send 100 ships to Midway to take the Base to continue towards Hawaii
US intercepted and decoded message to help.
War fought mostly by planes, shot down 38 Zero’s
US sank 4 Japanese Warships in a period of minutes to send Japan retreating.
Turning point of war with Japan

35. Guadalcanal City in Solomon Islands controlled by Japan
First US offensive.
Marine stormed the shores to root out Japan.
Many causalities but finally succeeded

36. Solomon Islands

37. Guadalcanal Map

38. Europe an N. Africa

39. Midway in Oceania Hawaii

40. Map of Southeast Asia

41. Battle of the Atlantic
At first US could do little to stop Japan in the Pacific.
Admiral Charles Nimitz used convoys to prevent Japan from sinking our “Liberty Ships”
US forces takes control of the Atlantic for the 1st time.
German U-boats lose their effectiveness at sea.

42. Battle of the Bulge (cont.)
Germany last ditch effort to take back France and regain some power
Germany made some ground but not enough
This is were the phrase “Bend but not Break” was used
Led to the surrender of the Nazi party and Adolph Hitler
VE Day – Victory in Europe.

43. D-Day Invasion Normandy (North Shore of France)
Code Name “Operation Overlord”
Largest single invasion in military history
Elaborate plan that included Mulberry Harbor
British and US main designers of the plan
Total estimated dead:
2500 Allies
4,000 to 9,000 Axis
(mostly Germans)
Higgins Boats

44. Normandy

45. Invasion

46. Mulberry Harbor

47. Leyte Gulf Largest Naval engagement in History
US wiped out Japan’s Navy for good.

48. Map of Leyte Gulf (in Philippians)

49. Iwo Jima Small island in the Pacific
Part of Island hopping technique in Pacific
US victory took control of airbase

50. Iwo Jima (Memorial in DC)

51. Map of Iwo Jima

52. Okinawa
Another major Island hopping victory in the Pacific
US Victory

53. Battle of the Bulge

54. Manhattan Project
A project created by FDR as a result of Einstein’s letter in which a team of 12 scientist were placed in a military base for the single purpose of creating and atomic weapon. The result was empowering. The project was led by Physicist…Henry Oppenheimer!

55. Albert Einstein
Einstein who is most famous for the creation of the Theory of Relativity and the world most famous equation (E=MC2), came to visit the US in 1933 never went back to Germany. The event was?

56. The Letter
Einstein wrote a letter to US President FDR, warning him of Liza Minters discovery of splitting the atom. Einstein was adamant that the US must beat Hitler on the creation of an atomic weapons or the world is doomed. The letter led to:

57. 3 Bombs Initial Bomb created and TESTED.
“Little Boy” 1st to be dropped.
“Fat Man” 2nd to be dropped.
Initial plan was to test one
Display one (detonate to show Japan)
Keep one
(Japan believed it was a trick, would have nothing to do with it!)

58. Hiroshima
A city of military and industrial significance in Japan
7th Largest city in Japan
First A-bomb was dropped
Bomb dropped August 6 by Paul Tibbets
Name of the airplane was the “Anola Gay” Tibbets mother
Instantly killed 80,00 people, Japan claimed 200,00
Nagasaki
Nagasaki was picked as a result of Military and Industrial importance also
It was the largest port in south Japan
Instantly killed 45,000 people

59. Paul Tibbett and the Enola Gay

60. Little Boy
Re-enactment

61. After Little Boy
Hiroshima

62. Fat Man

63. After Fat Man
Nagasaki

64. September 2nd, 1945 Japan surrenders VJ Day

65. Effects
On July 26th, 1945, China, UK and the US called for a Japanese surrender at the Potsdam Declaration. Japan ignored the ultimatum.
10 days later Truman gave the order.
Within the first 4 months of the drop, 90 to 166,000 est. dead at Hiroshima and 60 to 80,000 dead at Nagasaki.
It is believed that 60% of the deaths died instantly from flash, flame or falling debris.
6 day later Japan surrendered
60 to 70 million died 40 to 50 million civilians
Divide by 4

66. On Sunday, December 7th, 1941 the Japanese launched a surprise attack against the U.S. Forces stationed at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. By planning his attack on a Sunday, the Japanese commander Admiral Nagumo, hoped to catch the entire fleet in port. As luck would have it, the Aircraft Carriers and one of the Battleships were not in port. (The USS Enterprise was returning from Wake Island, where it had just delivered some aircraft. The USS Lexington was ferrying aircraft to Midway, and the USS Saratoga and USS Colorado were undergoing repairs in the United States.)
In spite of the latest intelligence reports about the missing aircraft carriers (his most important targets), Admiral Nagumo decided to continue the attack with his force of six carriers and 423 aircraft. At a range of 230 miles north of Oahu, he launched the first wave of a two-wave attack. Beginning at 0600 hours his first wave consisted of 183 fighters and torpedo bombers which struck at the fleet in Pearl Harbor and the airfields in Hickam, Kaneohe and Ewa. The second strike, launched at 0715 hours, consisted of 167 aircraft, which again struck at the same targets.
At 0753 hours the first wave consisting of 40 Nakajima B5N2 "Kate" torpedo bombers, 51 Aichi D3A1 "Val" dive bombers, 50 high altitude bombers and 43 Zeros struck airfields and Pearl Harbor Within the next hour, the second wave arrived and continued the attack.

67. Pearl Harbor Casualties
USArmy : 218 KIA, 364 WIA.
USNavy: 2,008 KIA, 710 WIA.
USMarineCorp: 109 KIA, 69 WIA.
Civilians: 68 KIA, 35 WIA.
TOTAL: 2,403 KIA, 1,178 WIA.
Battleships
USS Arizona (BB-39) - total loss when a bomb hit magazine.
USS Oklahoma (BB-37) - Total loss when she capsized and sunk in the harbor.
USS California (BB-44) - Sunk at her berth. Later raised and repaired.
USS West Virginia (BB-48) - Sunk at her berth. Later raised and repaired.
USS Nevada - (BB-36) Beached to prevent sinking. Later repaired.
USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) - Light damage.
USS Maryland (BB-46) - Light damage.
USS Tennessee (BB-43) Light damage.
Destroyers
USS Downes (DD-375) - Destroyed. Parts salvaged.
USS Cassin - (DD-37 2) Destroyed. Parts salvaged.
USS Shaw (DD-373) - Very heavy damage.
USS Helm (DD-388) - Light Damage.
Cruisers
USS New Orleans (CA-32) - Light Damage..
USS San Francisco (CA38) - Light Damage.
USS Detroit (CL-8) - Light Damage.
USS Raleigh (CL-7) - Damaged but repaired.
USS Helena (CL-50) - Light Damage.
USS Honolulu (CL-48) - Light Damage..
Minelayer
USS Ogala (CM-4) – Sunk, later raised and repaired.
Seaplane Tender
USS Curtiss (AV-4) - Severely damaged but later repaired.
Repair Ship
USS Vestal (AR-4) - Sever ely damaged but later repaired.
Harbor Tug
USS Sotoyomo (YT-9) - Sunk but later raised and repaired.
Aircraft
188 Aircraft destroyed (92 USN and 92 U.S. Army Air Corps.)

68. Pearl Harbor Photos
Photos found in an old Brownie stored in a foot locker from a sailor who, was on the USS QUAPAW ATF-11O.

69. Pearl Harbor 1

70. Pearl Harbor 2

71. Pearl Harbor 3

72. Pearl Harbor 4

73. Pearl Harbor 5

74. Pearl Harbor 6

75. Pearl Harbor 7

76. Pearl Harbor 8

77. Pearl Harbor 9

78. Pearl Harbor 10

79. Pearl Harbor 11

80. Pearl Harbor 12

81. Pearl Harbor 13

82. Pearl Harbor 14

83. Pearl Harbor 15

84. WW I Fatalities

85. WW II Fatalities Country Military Civilian Total Soviet Union*
Country
Military
Civilian
Total
Soviet Union*
8,668,000
16,900,000
25,568,000
China
1,324,000
10,000,000
11,324,000
Germany
3,250,000
3,810,000
7,060,000
Poland
850,000
6,000,000
6,850,000
Japan
1,506,000
300,000
1,806,000
Yugoslavia
1,400,000
1,700,000
Rumania*
520,000
465,000
985,000
France*
340,000
470,000
810,000
Hungary*
750,000
Austria
380,000
145,000
525,000
Greece*
Italy
330,000
80,000
410,000
Czechoslovakia
400,000
Great Britain
326,000
62,000
388,000
USA
295,000
Holland
14,000
236,000
250,000
Belgium
10,000
75,000
85,000
Finland
79,000
Canada
42,000
India
36,000
***
Australia
39,000
Spain**
12,000
22,000
Bulgaria
19,000
2,000
21,000
New Zealand
South Africa
9,000
Norway
5,000
Denmark
4,000

86. The
End

87. Pearl Harbor December 7th, 1941
2300 soldiers, 150 planes and 18 ships lost
Congress voted 82-0 (Senate) and (House) to declare war on Japan.
FDR “This day will live in infamy”
Tojo “I feel we have woke a sleeping giant!”

88. Strategy
Pearl Harbor had two characteristics that made it susceptible to attack.
The harbor was shallow and a bottleneck.
(2) Oahu is shaped like a bowl (high on the edges and low in the middle)

89. Oahu

90. Pearl Harbor

91. Torpedo Technology

92. Kate Torpedo

93. July 16,1939
Arguably the one single day that unexpectedly changed American history the most?
The event was precipitated by one of the most recognized person in history.
The person was?
Henry
Oppenheimer