1. 9.1: INVENTORS AND INVENTIONS

2. TIMELINE OF AMERICAN INVENTIONS
1791: Sam Slater brings the textile mill to US
1793: Eli Whitney invents cotton gin
1798: Eli Whitney invents interchangeable parts
1807: Jefferson’s Embargo
1807: Robert Fulton begins steamboat era
1813: Francis Lowell, entrepreneurs, start textile mills
: Construction of Erie Canal
1837: John Deere invents steel plow
1837: Morse invents telegraph
1839: Charles Goodyear vulcanizes rubber
1846: Howe and Singer invent sewing machine
1840s Expansion of railway & telegraph system
1851: Cyrus McCormick invents mower-reaper

3. FACTORS IN INDUSTRIALIZATION
Embargo of 1807
War of 1812
Tariff of 1816
American System
Cheap immigrant labor in North East cities
Fast New England rivers, coal deposits for powering factories
Robust system of ports, roads, canals&railways
Application of steam power to shipping and manufacturing needs
Development of new markets between America’s regions

4. 1837: John Deere invents the steel plow.
1837: John Deere invents the steel plow.
What was the impact of this device?

5. Agricultural ad, 1859
Agricultural ad, 1859
The manufacture of agricultural implements was becoming a major industry by Now the farmers shown on the fringe could put down their scythes and let the mechanical reaper do the work. (Library of Congress)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

6. What is the long-term impact of the mechanical reaper?
Model of McCormick reaper, 1850s
(Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.)
What is the long-term impact of the
mechanical reaper?

7. Woman with sewing machine
Asked to repair a sewing machine that did not do continuous stitching, Isaac M. Singer invented one that did. Patented in 1851, the Singer machine quickly dominated the market. Although most early sewing machines were used in factories, some had made their way into households by (Library of Congress)
Woman with sewing machine
WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE SEWING MACHINE?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

9. Fulton’s
Steamboat
1807

10. Why was transportation – particularly the canals and railroads – so important in the early stages of industrialization?

11. Map: Railroad Growth,
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

12. Map: Major American Cities in 1830 and 1860
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

13. What was the South’s reaction to industrialization and modern inventions?