1. Of all of the innovations and inventions you read about yesterday, which was the most important to you? Why? WARM-UP

2. Industrial Innovations 8.H.3.2 Explain how changes brought about by technology and other innovations affected individuals and groups in North Carolina and the United States.

3. The Industrial Revolution Movement to replace human labor with machines (industrialization)

4. What is the key factor in creating industrialization? What consequences will this have on society?

5. How can the Steam Engine be applied to use?

6. Revolution in England

7. Inventions / Discoveries The Flying Shuttle

8. Inventions / Discoveries The Spinning Jenny

9. Inventions / Discoveries Spinning Mule

10. Inventions / Discoveries Power Loom

11. Sectionalism in America America began to divide as a result of industrialization North – Industrial West – “Breadbasket” of the country South – Cotton and Slavery

12. Why is America successful in Industrializing? 1. Rich, Fertile Soil 2. Unused western lands 3. Stable legal and political systems 4. Capitalism, Free market economy 5. Language (shared with England, leader of Industrial Revolution)

13. Textiles in New England

14. Transportation Steam Power James Watt invents steam engine Robert Fulton invents steamship “Clermont” Could go “up stream” How does this change transportation?

16. James Watt

17. Steam Engine

18. Robert Fulton

20. Transportation Railroads The “Iron Horse” 1830 – America has 13 miles of rail 1850 – 9000 miles of rail 1860 – 31,000 miles of rail

22. An original steam engine

23. Steam locomotive

24. Railroad and Steamship Effects 1.Spurred further Industrial Growth 2.New Jobs created 3.Boosted agriculture and fishing industries 4.People able to take distant city jobs 5.People able to travel further distances

25. American Rail by 1850-1860

26. Transportation Canals Erie Canal – connected Hudson River to the Great Lakes Opened trade between the Northeast and the Midwest Took 8 years to build (1817-1825) Cost $7 million ($131,040,337.86 today)

27. Erie Canal Governor Dewitt Clinton of New York. 1817: Construction of Erie Canal. 1825: Canal was opened. Erie Canal – From the Hudson River to the Great Lakes.

30. Erie Canal Map

31. Urbanization in America (1820)

32. Urbanization in America (1860)

33. “Yankee Ingenuity” New Inventions Eli Whitney, Cotton Gin, Interchangeable Parts John Deere, Steel Plow Cyrus McCormick, Mechanical Reaper Samuel Morse, Telegraph Isaac Singer, Sewing Machine

34. Interchangeable Parts: Eli Whitney

35. How does interchangeable parts change the way weapons are made?

36. Isaac Singer and the Sewing Machine Elias Howe

38. John Deere’s Steel Plow (1837)

39. Cyrus McCormick’s Mechanical Reaper (1831)

40. THE MECHANICAL REAPER The mechanical reaper: Speed, efficiency, less work

41. Sewing Machine Invented in 1843 by Isaac M. Singer Isaac was born in1811 in Pittstown, New York to German Jewish Immigrants He earned millions with this invention

42. Samuel F.B. Morse and the Telegraph (1840)

43. Telegraph In 1844, Samuel Morse demonstrates his telegraph by sending a message to Baltimore from the chambers of the Supreme Court in Washington, DC. The message, "What hath God wrought?," marks the beginning of a new era in communication. The telegraph used dots and dashes to send messages over electric lines. These dots and dashes became known as Morse Code.

47. Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin

48. -Whitney’s machine could generate up to fifty pounds of cleaned cotton daily, making cotton production profitable for the southern states.

49. How does the cotton gin impact the demand for slaves?

50. Life in the South during the Industrial Revolution The “Cotton Kingdom” Wholly Rural Plantation Economy – economy based on large farms Reliant entirely on northern manufacturing Economy based on Cotton and Slavery 1830 – 35% of southerners owned slaves 1860 – 26% of southerners owned slaves

52. Wrap-up 1. What does the shift from human-based work to mechanized work mean for producing goods? 2. What is the main economic difference between the North and the South? 3. For further thought: How will the Industrial Revolution impact the lifestyles of Americans?