1. Warm-Up (9/23)
Get out and complete your 13 Colonies Icon Map if you did not last night.

2. Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland North Carolina South Carolina
Georgia

3. The Southern Colonies
ENVIROMENT: Appalachian Mountains bordered parts of these colonies in the west. Atlantic Ocean bordered the colonies to the east. Warm weather, good soil, many rivers, very humid
ECONOMY: tobacco, rice, cotton and indigo. Good harbors. Cash Crops.
RELIGION/SOCIAL: One church, rural towns, PLANTATIONS

4. Life in the Southern Colonies SOCIAL
Life centered around farming, not much education, if the family was wealthy enough their children could get educated
Colonies were very rural. Not many towns or cities

5. Need for Workers
As tobacco prices fell, plantations continued to be successful because they were better able to maintain high profits
Leads to a demand in labor

6. Plantation Workers
1) Prisoners and criminals – Scotch/Irish POWs, English criminals
2)Africans – enslaved by African rulers and sold to European slave traders
3) Indentured servants – In order to pay for their passage over, agreed to work for a certain period of time w/o pay

7. New England Colonies

8. The New England Colonies
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New Hampshire

9. The Great Migration
In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Company received a royal charter to settle land in New England.
Puritans wanted to purify or reform the Church of England, because of this belief they will be subject to much persecution
Between 1630 and 1640, Puritans left England to escape bad treatment by King James
During this period we will see an estimated 20,000 Puritans leave England.

11. Life in the colonies

12. Environment Geography and Climate
Hilly terrain, rocky soil, moderate summers and cold winters
Appalachian Mountains were barrier in west
Primarily settled along rivers or coastline
What conclusions can we make about their agriculture?

13. Economy
Diversified economy
Trade, shipping, manufacturing, fishing

14. Religious, Social and Political Life
Puritans ruled over New England colonies
Mandatory church attendance
Taught their beliefs and their society, which emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty.

15. Puritan Work Ethic
They believed that God required them to work long and hard at their vocation.
Helped contribute to the rapid growth and success of the New England colonies.
All children were required to learn to read, so they could read the Bible.

16. Challenges to Puritan Leadership

17. Roger Williams -
He opposed forced attendance at church and opposed taking Native American lands.
He was forced out of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
He founded Rhode Island, which guaranteed religious freedom and separation of church and state.

18. Anne Hutchinson –
believed that person could worship God without the help of a church, minister, or Bible.
She conducted discussions in her home that challenged church authority. She was brought to trial and forced to leave Massachusetts.
She fled to Rhode Island.

20. Thomas Hooker –
In 1636 minister Thomas Hooker and his followers decided to leave Massachusetts to help found Connecticut.
In 1639 Thomas Hooker helped draft the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.
Promoted Popular Sovereignty

21. The Middle Colonies

22. The Middle Colonies represented a middle ground between its neighbors to the North and South. Elements of both New England towns and sprawling country estates could be found.

23. Why were they called the Bread Basket?
Fertile Soil
Land and climate of the region was optimal for growing grains such as:
Wheat, Corn, Rye, and Barley

24. New York New Jersey  New York New Jersey 
After being founded by the Dutch in 1626 and it’s taken over by the British Charles II gives new area of New Amsterdam to brother (Duke of York)
A proprietary colony
Duke promises religious freedom and allowed settlers to keep their land
 Settlers stay and create much diversity
New Jersey
Given to Lord John Berkley by the Duke of York in 1660
Like New York much ethnic and religious diversity develops
Large tracts of land offered as well as religious freedoms, trials by jury and a representative government
 New York
New Jersey 

25.  Pennsylvania Pennsylvania
William Penn granted land by the King to repay a debt
Penn saw Pennsylvania as a “Holy Experiment” for Quaker practice of tolerance
1682, Penn believed land belonged to the Native Americans and will work out many treaties
*more than 3,000 English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch and German settlers arrive
 Pennsylvania

26. Representative Government
Government that is made up of elected persons who REPRESENT the people

27. Self-government
government of a group by the action of its own members, as in electing representatives to make its laws

28. Virginia House of Burgesses
Founded in 1619 in Jamestown
1st colonial legislature in North America
Representatives elected by colonists
Purpose: to represent Virginia’s plantations and towns
*The fact that the burgesses could make their own laws was very much on the mind of many people in the American colonies, especially when Great Britain continued to pass harsh laws that the colonists viewed as "taxation without representation."

29. The Mayflower Compact Men signed the Mayflower Compact.
The Mayflower Compact was a document establishing rules and order.
Vowed to obey laws agreed upon for the good of the colony.
Helped establish the idea of self-government and majority rule. REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT
The Mayflower Compact

30. Fundamental Order of Connecticut
1st written CONSTITUTION in the colonies that made Connecticut’s government more democratic.
Gave all men the right to vote (even non church going!)
Purpose: more people were allowed to vote and made the government more representative
Outlined that powers of the people