1. Chapter 4, Section 2 The Birth of Political Parties p. 164-167
Two political parties began to take shape – the Federalists & the (Democratic) Republicans

2. 4.2 section focus question:
How did two political parties emerge?

3. Political Parties Emerge
James Madison believed factions were selfish
an organized political group
Thomas Jefferson becomes the leader of the (Democratic) -Republican Party
Alexander Hamilton becomes leader of the Federalist Party.
Washington was very hostile to factions
But supported most of Hamilton’s (Federalist) policies over Jefferson’s (Republican) policies
Jefferson – leader
of the Republicans
Hamilton – leader
of Federalists
Washington &
Madison were
against “factions”

4. Republicans Against Federalists

5. The Election of 1796 Federalists nominate John Adams
Republicans nominate Thomas Jefferson
Very ugly campaign, filled with “mud-slinging”
negative campaigning
Adams comes in 1st
Becomes President
Jefferson comes in 2nd
Becomes Vice-President under John Adams!
John Adams
– Federalist
Thomas Jefferson
– (Democratic) -
Republican

6. 4.2 section focus question:
How did two political parties emerge?
People had different ideas about the roles of government. Hamilton thought the Federal Government should have more power than state governments. He believed in a “loose” interpretation of the Constitution. Jefferson wanted to limit the Federal Government’s power with a “strict” interpretation.