1. Religion Sparks Reform An effort to improve life in America during the mid-1800s

2. Journal Writing ► Describe the ideal society. Would it have rules and standards? If so, what kind? What kind of values would it seek to promote among its members?

3. Second Great Awakening ► A broad religious movement that swept the US after 1790. ► Revival- large gatherings where some preachers could draw audiences of 20,000 or more to outdoor camps. Charles Grandison Finney

4. Roots of Pitman trace back to Second Great Awakening

5. Camp Meetings – Pitman NJ June 1871 : Pitman Grove was born from a Methodist camp roots June 1871 : Pitman Grove was born from a Methodist camp roots Group of Methodist ministers established Pitman Grove because of its desirable and convenient setting Group of Methodist ministers established Pitman Grove because of its desirable and convenient setting Oak and Chestnut wooded area Oak and Chestnut wooded area Pitman Grove Camp Meeting Auditorium was built in the center with 12 avenues leading out from the auditorium in the center- represent 12 disciples of Christ Pitman Grove Camp Meeting Auditorium was built in the center with 12 avenues leading out from the auditorium in the center- represent 12 disciples of Christ Streets were lined with tents; later replaced with small cottages Streets were lined with tents; later replaced with small cottages

6. Pitman Grove – Ariel View

7. Social Reform Movements ► 1.Transcendentalism ► 2.Unitarianism ► 3.Utopian Communities ► 4.Prison/Asylum Reform ► 5.Education Reform

8. Social Reform Movements ► Title of your movement: _______________  1. Who? Are there any names associated with your movement?  2.What? What did your group stand for? What were there beliefs?  3.Where? Is there a region most associated with that group?  4.When? Time period?  5.How? How was the work being accomplished?

9. 1. Transcendentalism  1. Who: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau (Walden)  2. What: Self-reliant, inner freedoms, celebrated beauty of nature.  3. Where: New England  4. When: mid 1800s  5. How: civil disobedience - to peacefully refuse to obey laws.

10. 2. Unitarianism  1. Who? William Ellery Channing, wealthy, educated  2.What? Emphasized reason and appeals to conscience as the paths to perfection  3.Where? New England  4.When? Early 1800s  5.How? Believed conversion was a gradual process.

11. 3. Utopian Communities  1. Who? George Ripley  2.What? Tried to create a “perfect” place. Shared common goals such as self sufficiency.  3.Where? Brook Farm – Boston; New Harmony - Indiana  4.When? 1840s  5.How? Removed themselves from society and lived among each other.

12. 4. Prison/Asylum Reform  1. Who? Dorothea Dix  2.What? Improving conditions of prisons. Separating mentally ill from criminals.  3.Where? Massachusetts  4.When? 1840s & 1850s  5.How? Sent a report to Mass. Legislature. Public hospitals built. Rehabilitation for criminals.

13. 5. Education Reform  1. Who? Horace Mann  2.What? Improve public education  3.Where? Pennsylvania & Massachusetts  4.When? Mid 1800s  5.How? Public tax dollars to fund schools. Teacher training program. Curriculum reform.

14. 6.Temperance  1. Who: Calvinist clergy, evangelical ministers, lay people  2. What: Crusade against sale and consumption of alcohol  3. Where: New England, New York, Midwest  4. When: mid 1800s  5. How:sign a petition of abstinence from alcohol. Later lobbied legislatures for prohibition.

15. Women’s Suffrage  1. Who: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony  2. What: Women’s right to vote.  3. Where: New York  4. When: mid 1800s  5. How: Seneca Falls Convention. Declaration of Sentiments.

16.  You are starting a new political party called the Reform party. You will work in small groups to design various elements to describe your new political party. The foundation of your political party will be based on any of the reform movements discussed in class. Political Party Design

17. ► Visual elements needed for political parties:  1. Written Campaign Speech  2. Campaign Poster  3. Campaign Bumper Sticker Political Party Design

18. ► Written campaign Speech  Introduce your political party.  What is the basic ideas of your party? Who are your leaders? What are some of the accomplishments of your party? General Overview Political Party Design

19. ► Campaign Poster  Visual display of your political parties beliefs.  Use large white construction paper and use a lot of color.  Have a picture or design accompanied by campaign slogans. Be creative. Political Party Design

20. ► Bumper Stickers  Use narrow strips of paper.  Catchy campaign slogan should dominate your bumper sticker.  Use color and be creative. Political Party Design