2. Transcription Objectives: Trace the path of protein synthesis.

3. Gene: a unit of inherited information in DNA. “One gene-one polypeptide” What is the connection between DNA and proteins? Genes and Proteins

4. Ribonucleic acid: nucleic acid containing the sugar ribose. Ribose RNA is single stranded. Answer: RNA

5. RNA contains A, C, and G, but rather than T, RNA contains a similar base called uracil (U). Uracil forms a base pair with adenine. Uracil Adenine Thymine RNA Bases

6. The DNA sequence for a gene is transcribed into the form of a single-stranded messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The mRNA takes the message of DNA to the site of protein synthesis (ribosomes). Transcription Occurs in the nucleus.

7. 1.DNA unzips. 2.Free RNA nucleotides base pair to one of the exposed DNA strands (U-A). 3.RNA polymerase links the RNA nucleotides together. 4.Single-stranded RNA separates from DNA. DNA to RNA 5.DNA closes.

8. RNA strand DNA strand RNA strand A B C Transcription

10. 1. What is being produced from the template strand of DNA? mRNA Transcription

11. 2. What base-pairing rule is different in RNA and DNA? RNA pairs U (uracil) with A (adenine), whereas DNA pairs T (thymine) with A. Transcription

12. Simple animation DNAi real-time animation Transcription

13. The sequence of bases in the DNA of a gene code for a particular sequence of amino acids. DNA to Protein: A Review RNA serves as the link between gene and polypeptide. RNA is similar to DNA but has the sugar ribose, the base uracil, and is usually single stranded.

14. The main difference between transcription and DNA replication is that transcription results in the formation of one single- stranded RNA molecule rather than a double- stranded DNA molecule. Messenger RNA is made in a process called transcription. The order of nucleotides in DNA determines the order of nucleotides in messenger RNA. Review: Transcription

15. The nucleotide sequence transcribed from DNA to a strand of messenger RNA acts as a genetic message, the complete information for the building of a protein. Review: Transcription

16. Question 1 How does DNA control the structures and functions of a cell? Answer DNA determines the structure of proteins. Some proteins become important cell structures. Other proteins, such as enzymes, control chemical reactions that perform key life functions.

17. What are the three chemical differences between RNA and DNA? RNA consists of a single strand of nucleotides whereas DNA is a double strand. RNA contains ribose as its sugar and DNA contains deoxyribose as its sugar. Uracil in RNA replaces thymine in DNA as the nitrogenous base. Question 2 Answer

18. Question 3 What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis? Answer The messenger RNA acts as a genetic message, providing the complete information, in sequences of codons, for the building of a protein.

19. Transcription Objectives: Trace the path of protein synthesis.