1. The Civil War Begins Secession and Fort Sumter

2. SECESSION Southern States desperate to preserve the slave system SC seceded Dec. 20, 1860, others followed Confederacy formed, Jefferson Davis elected President By Lincoln’s inauguration, 7 states had left Government officials resigned (Read about Robert E. Lee pg 356)

3. SECESSION

4. Fort Sumter Confederate soldiers started to take over federal institutions (courthouses, post offices, forts) Fort Sumter in SC was one of 2 forts that were still union when Lincoln took office Lincoln got message from Anderson that Confederates threatened attack if he didn’t surrender

5. Lincoln & Davis Face A Dilemma ShouldLincolnEvacuate or fight? Should Davis allow it or fight? Didn’t want to start fightDidn’t want to start fight Didn’t want to treat theDidn’t want to treat the Confed as a legitimate Confed as a legitimate force force Decided to send in “food forDecided to send in “food for hungry men” hungry men” Didn’t want confederacy to look weakDidn’t want confederacy to look weak Should he turn peaceful secession into war?Should he turn peaceful secession into war? 4:30am April 12 Confeds opened fire4:30am April 12 Confeds opened fire

6. RESULTS OF FORT SUMTER, SC Charleston citizens cheered Anderson surrendered No casualties United the North, people rushed to enlist April 17 th, VA seceded, big loss for North AK, TN and NC followed

7. Fort Sumter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9p7V 7GrHjE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9p7V 7GrHjE

8. Border States MD, DE, KY and MO stayed in union, but many citizens fought for Confederacy MD – Union instituted martial law MO – control over MS river, Lincoln sent troops to aid pro-Union forces KY –OH River, stayed neutral, invaded by Confed troops in Sept 1861 Divided Loyalty – Mary Lincoln’s brothers, John Crittenden’s 2 sons fought on opp sides

9. North/South Match-up Northern Advantages Military strength Military strength Industry Industry Population Population Government Government Food production Food production Railroad system Railroad system Weakness: had to conquer south to win Southern Advantages King Cotton Great generals Strong military tradition Motivated soldiers Weakness: no central gov’t

10. Strategies NORTH 1)Blockade Southern ports so they couldn’t trade 2)Split south by sailing down Mississippi 3)Capture Richmond “Anaconda Plan” SOUTH 1)Mostly a defensive plan 2)Invade and attack the North if the opportunity arose 3)“Cotton Diplomacy” (use cotton to get support from other nations)

11. Anaconda Plan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ3nv -S1Noo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ3nv -S1Noo