1. PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

2. An emotional disorder in which the person’s emotions are excessive or contrary to what is expected. 2. Mood Disorders Types: A. Depression B. Bipolar Disorder Types: A. Depression B. Bipolar Disorder FAST FACT: Depression & Bi-polar syndromes, are said to strike one in seven of the population. 7-14% of children will experience an episode of major depression before the age of 15. 20-30% of adult bipolar patients report having their first episode before the age of 20. III. Types of Psych Disorders III. Types of Psych Disorders

3. Persistent depressed mood for most of the day Loss of interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities Significant weight loss or gain due to changes in appetite Sleeping more or less than usual Speeding up or slowing down of physical & emotional reactions Fatigue or loss of energy Feelings of worthlessness or unfounded guilt Reduced ability to concentrate or make meaningful decisions Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide 4. Mood Disorders A. Depression A state of feeling sad, hopeless, and worthless, also withdrawing from interpersonal contact. 1. Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode 2. Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent 3. Dysthymic Disorder

4. Persistent depressed mood for most of the day Loss of interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities Significant weight loss or gain due to changes in appetite Sleeping more or less than usual Speeding up or slowing down of physical & emotional reactions Fatigue or loss of energy Feelings of worthlessness or unfounded guilt Reduced ability to concentrate or make meaningful decisions Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide 4. Mood Disorders A. Depression A state of feeling sad, hopeless, and worthless, also withdrawing from interpersonal contact. 1. Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode 2. Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent 3. Dysthymic Disorder

5. 4. Mood Disorders cont. a person’s mood inappropriately alternates between extremes of mania & depression b. Bipolar Disorder (manic depression) MANIA Increased energy, restlessness "high," overly euphoric mood Little sleep needed Racing thoughts & fast talking, jumping from one idea to another Unrealistic beliefs in one's abilities and powers Poor judgment, Spending sprees, Increased sexual drive, Abuse of drug MANIA Increased energy, restlessness "high," overly euphoric mood Little sleep needed Racing thoughts & fast talking, jumping from one idea to another Unrealistic beliefs in one's abilities and powers Poor judgment, Spending sprees, Increased sexual drive, Abuse of drug III. Types of Psych Disorders III. Types of Psych Disorders

6. A. Bipolar Disorder (manic depression) Descriptions offered by people with bipolar disorder give valuable insights into the various mood states associated with the illness: Depression: I doubt completely my ability to do anything well. It seems as though my mind has slowed down and burned out to the point of being virtually useless…. [I am] haunt[ed]… with the total, the desperate hopelessness of it all…. Others say, "It's only temporary, it will pass, you will get over it," but of course they haven't any idea of how I feel, although they are certain they do. If I can't feel, move, think or care, then what on earth is the point? Hypomania: At first when I'm high, it's tremendous… ideas are fast… like shooting stars you follow until brighter ones appear…. All shyness disappears, the right words and gestures are suddenly there… uninteresting people, things become intensely interesting. Sensuality is pervasive, the desire to seduce and be seduced is irresistible. Your marrow is infused with unbelievable feelings of ease, power, well- being, omnipotence, euphoria… you can do anything… but, somewhere this changes. Mania: The fast ideas become too fast and there are far too many… overwhelming confusion replaces clarity… you stop keeping up with it—memory goes. Infectious humor ceases to amuse. Your friends become frightened…. everything is now against the grain… you are irritable, angry, frightened, uncontrollable, and trapped. III. Types of Psych Disorders III. Types of Psych Disorders 4. Mood Disorders cont.

7. Fast Fact! Celebrities with Bipolar Illness Tim Burton-Movie director, Axl Rose-musician, Buzz Aldrin-astronaut

8. Causes of Mood Disorders Psychological Views Psychoanalytic - as children, they suffered a loss of a loved one. Child repressed anger, leading to guilt & loss of self-esteem, finally depression. Learning Theorist - (Learned Helplessness) people have learned that previous negative events in their lives were out of their control - leads them to expect future events to be out of their control too. 4. Mood Disorders cont.

9. Cognitive Theorist - Depressed people have negative views of themselves from bad experiences in childhood. They now filter any positive info in their lives Biological Views - People w/depression may have lower levels of serotonin & noradrenaline. Both - two work together, cycling downward Causes of Mood Disorders

10. 4. Mood Disorders cont. Cognitive Theorist - Depressed people have negative views of themselves from bad experiences in childhood. They now filter any positive info in their lives Biological Views - People w/depression may have lower levels of serotonin & noradrenaline. Both - two work together, cycling downward Causes of Mood Disorders Depression