1. Do Now
Your task
Draw a timeline showing a typical school day. Include breaks and traveling times as well as leisure time after school and the time you normally go to bed.
10: 17-Unit Lunch
6.00 am get up
7.20 am start school

2. Industrial Revolution
Starts in mid-1700s in Britain and will eventually spread to the rest of Europe, North America, and around the world.
Prior to Rev. many lived in small cottages lit by firelight and candles
Made own clothing
Lived off land
Knew little about the world outside their home

3. Agricultural Revolution
New advances in technology increase food production.
Dikes, earthen walls, built to reclaim land from sea
Enclosure Movment: Smaller fields combined to make larger fields-better use of land, increased wool output, but fewer workers needed.
Fertilizer helped replenish soil
Crop journals-documented best practices
Crop Rotation
Inventions: seed drill improved farming
Yields improved 300%

4. Population Multiplies
Britain’s pop. 5 mil in 17009 mil in 1800.
Europe 120 mil in 1700 to 180 mil in 1800.
Reasons:
1. Agricultural revolution reduced risk of death from famine.
2. People ate better and stayed healthier.
3. Hygiene and sanitation improved as well as medical care.
Industrialization leads to urbanizationcities grew around factories-job opportunities.

5. Britain Leads the Way…Why?
Natural Resources=plentifulports and navigable rivers.
Rivers also source or power and led to the construction of canals.
Canals led to trade.
Had had lots of coal and iron which was used to power and build parts for steam engines.
Stable economydue esp. to Slave Trade
Stable govt. supported economic growth
Strong Navy-for protection
Rise of Business: Trade on rise since mid 1600s-business class gained capital which could then be invested in business organizations

6. Cottage Industry
Putting-out system-aka cottage industry flourished in 1600 and 1700’s.
Raw cotton given to families who spun it into thread and wove them into cloth in their own home. Skilled artisans in towns then finished and dyed cloth.

7. Technology Replaces the Cottage Industry
Flying Shuttle-allowed weavers to work faster and they soon outpace spinners
Spinning Jenny-spun many threads at same time and increased production
Water Frame-spinning machine powered by water
Cotton Gin-sped cotton production

8. Rise of Factories Cottage industry fails due to new machines
Manufacturers built long sheds to house machines
At 1st near water for power
Improvements in smelting iron from its ore-used to produce parts for steam engine
Then run by steam engines-powered by coal
Spinners and weavers now worked in factories

9. Transportation Revolution
As production rose-entrepreneurs needed faster and cheaper ways of moving goods
Turnpikes: private roads built by entrepreneurs-charged travelers a toll
Canals-connected inland towns with coastal ports
Stronger bridges and upgraded harbors
Locomotives: moved products faster

10. Urbanization- movement of people to cities.
The Industrial Revolution leads to great changes: People Move to Cities…
Urbanization- movement of people to cities.
Occurs because of the changes in farming.

11. 2 New Social Classes Emerge…
Industrial Middle Class- Those who benefited from Industrial Revolution, and were entrepreneurs.
Industrial Working Class- Due to population growth, there were less places to live cheaply. Lived in over crowded tenements.

13. The Working Class Protests
Labor Unions (illegal) got together and wished for worker reforms.
Riots occur in which textile machines are smashed, these people are called Luddites.
Religion becomes very popular (promised a better life to come).

14. Life in Factories/Mines
HARSH!!!
Factories-12 hour workdays, losing fingers & limbs, breathing in lint, etc.
Mines- Dust in lungs, explosions, flooding, collapsing tunnels, etc.
Children (5 & up)- Crawl under machinery for repairs, open/close vents in mines, extreme heat, etc.

18. Results of Industrialization
Cons:
Cities became crowded
Overpopulation and factories led to pollution
Working Conditions were poor
Living Conditions were poor
Pros:
Reforms improved working conditions
Working class gains rights to vote, has political power
PROS:
Mass produced goods
New Factories
More Jobs
Better Hours
Wages rose
More railroads, more connections

19. Did things change?
Child labourer in India
Find out about continuing exploitation of children around the world: BBC news