1. Urban and Rural Landscapes
CGC1D
Wed. Mar. 26, 2014

2. Rural Population Patterns
There are 3 main types of rural population patterns:
Concentrated
Occur where natural resources are present
i.e., gold mine
Dispersed
Occur in agricultural areas
Farms spread out over an area
Linear
A line that stretches out over the landscape
Occur along rivers, railroads, highways, coastlines

3. Urban and Rural Interactions
There has been significant movement of people in Canada between urban and rural areas over time.
People in rural areas live in a hamlet, village, or town.
People in urban areas live in a suburb, city, or metropolis.
These different types of places to live are known as the urban hierarchy (each one is a larger settlement going up the line than the one before it).

4. hamlet village town suburb city metropolis
Urban Hierarchy
hamlet village town suburb city metropolis
<100 people > 1 million people
Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) = City with more than people
- There are 33 CMAs in Canada. Can you list the top 10?

5. Canada’s Top 10 CMAs CITY PROVINCE POPULATION Toronto (Mississauga)
Ontario
5,583,064
Montreal (Laval)
Quebec
3,824,221
Vancouver (Surrey)
British Columbia
2,313,328
Ottawa - Gatineau
Ontario/Quebec
1,236,324
Calgary
Alberta
1,214,839
Edmonton
1,159,869
Quebec (Lévis)
765,706
Winnipeg
Manitoba
730,018
Hamilton (Burlington)
721,053
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo
477,160
London
474,786

6. Urbanization
Urbanization is the movement of people UP the urban hierarchy. This has been the main migration pattern of Canadians since the creation of our country.

7. Urbanization
Why did people leave the countryside to live in the big cities?
reduced need for farm labour due to farm modernization (e.g. tractors)
improvements in mobility (better transportation systems reduces need for local stores)
consolidation of goods & services (most things one needs has relocated to urban areas)

8. Counter-Urbanization
Counter-urbanization is the movement of people DOWN the urban hierarchy (metropolis→ hamlet). While our cities are still getting larger, some people are choosing to move away from cities.
In general, there are now three categories of people living in rural areas.
Newcomers - retain ties to urban core, younger, well educated, well off, managers/professionals
Homecomers - young families returning to provide rural upbringing to children
Ruralites – have never lived in an urban core

9. Counter-Urbanization
Why are people leaving the cities to live in smaller towns and villages?
health issues, security, “community”
“back to nature” movement (desire to live in the country)
increase in telecommuting (less need to be at an office)
cheaper land and house prices

10. Where would you like to Live?
Why?