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Published byHubert Lawrence Modified over 9 years ago
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Dehydration Synthesis – linking of monomers together to form a polymer
Dehydration Synthesis – linking of monomers together to form a polymer. Water is removed by taking a hydrogen from one molecule and an alcohol (OH) from the other molecule. Hydrolysis – means to break (lysis) with water (hydro). A polymer is brokendown back into monomers. Fig. 3.7
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CARBOHYDRATES Class of biological molecule that includes single monomer sugars (monosaccharide), two monomer sugars (disaccharide), and many monomer sugars (polysaccharide). Examples of monosaccharide isomers – same molecular formula and different structures.
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Monosaccharides Monosaccharides – mono = single, sacchar = sugar
Simple sugars C6H12O6 Glucose and fructose Broken down for energy in cellular respiration (4 Calories per gram)
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DISACCHARIDES Formed by dehydration synthesis of two monosaccharides.
Broken down by hydrolysis into two monosaccharides. Maltose = 2 glucose Sucrose = glucose + fructose
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POLYSACCHARIDES Complex carbohydrates, long chains of monomers
Starch – storage polysaccharide, found in plants Glucose monomers Glycogen – stores excess sugar, found in animals Branched Cellulose – most abundant organic compound Found in plants Glucose monomers that cannot be hydrolyzed (fiber) Almost all carbohydrates are hydrophilic (water loving)
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