1. Chapter 4
The Human World

2. Population Growth 6.2 billion people live on Earth.
Global population is growing rapidly because birthrates have not declined as fast as death rate

3. Death rates have decreased because of:
Improved health care
More food supplies
Advance in technology
Better living conditions

4. Zero Population Growth
In which the birthrate and death rate are equal.
When this balance occurs, a country’s population does not grow.

5. Challenges of Population Growth
As the number of people increases, it becomes more difficult to produce enough food.
Use more resources more rapidly-water, housing & clothing.
World is unevenly distributed by age, with some countries population being infants and young children who cannot contribute.

6. Migration Movement of people from place to place.
People move because of wars, food shortage, persecution, lack of jobs, or other problems.

7. Think about it?
How do the effects of zero population growth and negative population growth differ? And how are they similar?

8. Prediction
Can you predict the outcome if the standard of living in cities as urbanization increases? How might the standard of living differ between cities in the developing world and cities in the developed world?

9. Culture
The way of life of a group of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

10. Elements of Culture Language-English & Spanish
Religion-Christianity & Hinduism
Social Groups –Wealth & Education
Government- Democracy & Autocracy
Economic Activities-what people do for a living
Culture Regions-p.83

11. Ethnic Group
Made up of people who share a common language, history, place of origin, or a combination of these elements.

12. Government
The institution through which a society maintains social order, provides public services, ensures national security, and supports its economic well being.

13. Today the world is made up of nearly 200 independent countries.

14. Levels of Government
Unitary System-a government in which all key powers are given to the national or central government. United Kingdom/France
Federal System-form of government in which powers are divided between the national government and the state government. The United States

15. Types of Government
Autocracy-a government in which a single individual possesses the power and authority to rule.
Monarchy-a king or queen exercise the supreme powers of the government.
Oligarchy-system of government in which a small group holds power.
Democracy-any system of government in which leaders rule with consent of the citizens.

16. Economy
The way a society produces, distributes, and uses goods and services

17. Explain
What would happen if the factors that influence a country’s power to control territory did not exist? What are the factors that a country can use to control a territory?

18. Economic Systems
Traditional Economy-habit and custom determine the rules for all economic activity.
Market Economy-individuals and private groups decide what to produce.
Mixed Economy-the government supports and regulates free enterprise.
Command Economy-the government directs the means of production and distribution.

19. Compare
How is command economy related to traditional economy?

20. Natural Resource
The elements from the earth that are not made by people but can be used by them for food, fuel, or other necessities.

21. Two types of Natural Resource
Renewable-cannot be used up or can be replaced naturally or grown again in a short amount of time.
Ex: water, forests, and animal life.
Nonrenewable-cannot be replaced
Ex: minerals and fossil fuels-coal, oil, and natural gas.

22. Developed Countries
Countries that have more technology and manufacturing, such as the United States.

23. Developing Countries
Countries working toward greater manufacturing and technology. Developing countries are mainly located in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

24. Industrialization
The spread of industry.

25. Prediction
Can you predict the outcome if the birth rate surpassed the death rate?