2. Few characters Few events Short in length Narrative Prose Fiction

3. Elements of Fiction Plot Setting Characters Theme Point of View

4. 12 3 5 6 4

5. 1.Exposition 2.Initial Incident of Conflict 3.Rising Action 4.Climax 5.Falling Action 6.Resolution

6. time and place of action in a literary work

7. Any person, animal, object, or natural force presented as persons in a literary work

8. The underlying meaning or overall message of a literary work Not a cliché

9. Point of View The vantage point from which a story is told

10. First person The “I” point of view Narrator is a character in the story who only tells his/her side of the story Unreliable

11. Third person limited Narrator only knows the thoughts, emotions, and actions of one character in the story Still somewhat unreliable

12. Third person omniscient All-knowing, god- like narrator Narrator is outside the story Most reliable narration

13. Types of Characters

14. Attempts to solve the conflict in the story NOT necessarily the main character The reader identifies with or admires this character

15. Antagonist Attempts to keep the protagonist from solving the problem Not always going to be a person The reader tends to dislike or despise this character

16. Dynamic Characters Develop and grow during the course of a story Learn a lesson Experience a significant change in attitude

17. Static characters Do not experience any significant changes in their attitude or beliefs by the end of a story Do not learn a lesson

18. Flat characters/ Round characters One- dimensional, stereotypical Totally predictable Multi- dimensional, well-rounded, complex Exhibits many personality traits Interesting, deep

19. Characterization Methods by which a character’s personality is created and conveyed to the reader

20. The Methods of Characterization

21. Physical description Words/actions Thoughts and emotions How other characters view the character

22. The Direct Method The author makes a direct comment about a character

23. Making an Inference Guess a logical conclusion Read between the lines Combine text information with your own knowledge Textual Clues + What You Know= Inference

24. Irony shows differences between meaning and intention appearance and reality expectation and result

25. Verbal irony- The speaker intends to be understood as meaning something that contrasts with the literal or usual meaning of what he/ she says.

26. Dramatic irony contradiction between what a character thinks and what the audience knows

27. Irony of situation- event occurs that directly contradicts expectations

28. Diction Your choice of words There is NO single correct diction Choose different words or phrases for different context

29. Diction Examples To a friend: –“a screw-up” To a child –“a mistake” To the police –“an accident” To an employer –“an oversight ”

30. Denotation -A literal meaning of the word Chick

31. Connotation An association which a word evokes –Usually emotional Example: -“fat” “obese” “heavy” “overweight” + “pleasantly plump” “big and beautiful ”