1. Nonverbal Communication
Chapter Four

2. After completing this chapter, you will be able to
define nonverbal communication
explain the importance of nonverbal communication
describe the types of nonverbal communication
explain the joint functioning between verbal and nonverbal messages
read nonverbal communication cues to determine workplace culture

3. Sending and receiving messages without the use of words.
Nonverbal Communication
Sending and receiving messages without the use of words.

4. Elements of Nonverbal Communication
Body Language
Eye contact
Facial expressions
Vocal cues
Spatial use
Time

5. Body Language
Appearance
Posture
Walk
Gestures
Touch

6. Why do we wear clothing? To cover one’s body To keep warm
To indicate wealth or status
To indicate indifference to wealth or status
To indicate occupation
To show religious or cultural beliefs
To express one’s individuality

7. Why do companies and schools have rules regulating what people can wear?
Because people make snap judgments about others based on how they look.

8. Posture and Walk Standing straight can indicate confidence.
Dragging your feet can indicate you are tired or reluctant to go where you are going.
Walking briskly can indicate that you are excited or that you are important.

9. Movements of hands and arms used to help make a point.
Gestures
Movements of hands and arms used to help make a point.

10. Touch Friends touch each other to indicate closeness.
People might strike each other in anger.
People can indicate status by initiating touch.

11. Inappropriate or unwanted touch can be sexual harassment.

12. What can you do if you are sexually harassed?
SAY NO!
Know your rights.
Keep a written, dated record.
Ask for help.
Don’t blame yourself.
Don’t delay asking for help.

13. Eye Contact and facial expressions can indicate:
that you are paying attention
that you understand what is being said
that you take the speaker seriously
that you are or consider the speaker to be trustworthy
that you are bored
that you are rude
that you are flirting
that you are surprised

14. Vocal Cues
Pitch
Rate
Volume
Quality
Articulation

15. Spatial Use Public Space (over 12 feet) Social Space (4 - 12 feet)
Personal Space (1 ½ - 4 feet)
Intimate Space (up to 1 ½ feet)

16. Proxemics
The use of space and how space influences relationships and communication.

17. Time
People who spend a great amount of time together (by choice) are friends.
Someone who is late doesn’t care.
Someone who is too early cares too much (is desperate).
Someone who keeps you waiting is of a higher status.

18. Nonverbal messages can
support verbal messages (clarify)
contradict verbal messages (mixed messages)
replace verbal messages (secrets)
regulate verbal messages (control)

19. Summary
Nonverbal communication can be broken down into four major areas: body language, facial expressions, voice, and spatial use and time.
People make snap about each other based on one’s appearance.
Facial expressions communicate a person’s feelings and attitudes.
The four vocal cues that convey nonverbal messages are pitch, rate, volume, and vocal quality.
Spatial use (or proxemics) refers to how space influences relationships.
Nonverbal and verbal messages function jointly.