1. Verbs L/O: to revise/learn the function and effects of verbs to revise/learn the function and effects of verbs Quick revision: What is a modifier? What kind of modifiers are there? How many kinds of adjectives are there? FACT: in verb phrases (a phrase all about an action), the main verb is called the main verb

2. Verbs change according to the person doing it: 1 st = I play (single) / We play (plural) 2 nd = You play (single) / You play (plural) 3 rd = She/He/It plays (single) / They play (plural) Verbs tell you when something happens: Present tense = uses the base form Past tense = normally uses the ‘ed’ inflection unless irregular Future tense = add modal ‘will’ or time/date to a present verb Where are the verbs and what tense are they written in: Aiden went to see his friend Sally, but she was not in. Verbs = words used to describe processes Infinitive = the base form of the verb and usually follows ‘to’ (to laugh)

3. Verbs can have an active and passive voice: Active voice = when the subject is the focus and performs the action being described by the verb: - Sarah kicked the ball. (Sarah [subject] acts directly on the object [the ball]) Passive voice = less direct and focuses on the object. The order changes so the object comes first. Passive voice makes sentences seem more formal. - The ball was kicked by Sarah. Re-write the sentence in the active voice: The glass was dropped by the waitress.

4. Verbs can have an progressive or prefect aspect: Progressive aspect = actions that don’t have a definite end. - made by using ‘be’ + present base verb + ing - They are doing well. Perfect Aspect = actions that have a definite end. - made by using ‘have’ + past tense of verb - They have bought a car - I had missed it (past perfect) Progress or perfect? I am running late, so am not sure when I’ll get there. I have done my homework.

5. Meaning in a sentence can be affected by auxiliary verbs = verbs that go before the main verb in a sentence and give extra information about the main verb and can affect the meaning of the sentence. Primary auxiliary There are three: do, have, be –I do like you –I am leaving tomorrow –I have eaten there Primary auxiliary verbs can also be the main verb: –I have a surprise for you Modal auxiliary There are nine and they can only occur in reference to a main verb: can, could, will, would, must, may, might, shall, should –I can play the piano –I must leave soon

6. Activity – modal verbs 1.Complete activities 1 and 2 HW: Collect examples of further texts in which you would expect to find modal verbs to be used quite extensively. Eg: Horoscopes Weather forecasts Problem pages School notices Recipes Legal texts Why are modal verbs concentrated in some texts but not others?