1. Chapter 6 Section 3 Notes

2. 509 B.C. 264 B.C. 218 B.C. 44 B.C. A.D. 284 A.D. 476 Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 500 B.C. – A.D. 500 6 CHAPTER Time Line 500 B.C.A.D. 500 HOME Rome becomes a republic. In the Second Punic War, Hannibal invades Italy. Diocletian, who will divide the Roman Empire, becomes emperor. The First Punic War with Carthage begins. Conspirators kill Julius Caesar. Western Roman Empire falls with the ouster of the last emperor, Romulus Augustulus.

3. Intro:

4. Why Christianity became a widespread religion

5. A. Embraced all people

6. B. Gave hope

7. C. Appealed to those that hated Rome

8. D. Offered a personal relationship with a LOVING God

9. E. Promised eternal life after death

10. I. Jews Come Under Roman Rule

11. A. Around 63 B.C. Domino Effect was reaching Judea

12. B. Rome Took control of Judea in 6 A.D.

13. C. Rome gives control of local church to Jewish court called Sanhedrin

14. D. Two factions of Jews

15. 1. Zealots that hated Rome and wanted to rebel

16. 2. Another group believing that the Messiah (Savior)(Appointed One) would soon restore the kingdom for the Jews

17. II. The Life and Teachings of Jesus

18. A. Jesus born in Bethlehem northern Judea

19. B. Raised in village of Nazareth and baptized by John the Baptist

20. C. At age 30 he began preaching

21. 1. Monotheism

22. 2. Ten Commandments

23. 3. God’s personal relationship

24. 4. Love God, neighbors, enemies

25. 5. Eternal kingdom after death

26. D. Taught 12 men called Disciples called Apostles later when Paul is added

28. E. Main source of information about Jesus came from the Gospels

29. 1. First four books of the New Testament

30. F. Danger to Rome

31. 1. Attracted large crowds

32. G. Many believed him to be the Messiah

33. H. Jesus’ Death

34. 1. Growing popularity concerned Roman legions

35. 2. Growing popularity concerned Jewish religious leaders out of job

36. 3. Charged with blasphemy

37. 4. Herod religious leader of Judea

38. 5. Pontius Pilate Roman Governor of Judea...... S TIBERIEVM.. [PO]NTIVS PILATVS [PRA]ECTVS IVDA[EA]E

39. 6. Barabbas 1. Barab a s Barabbasberăb´es[Aram.,=son of the father], bandit held in jail at the time of Jesus' arrest. Pontius Pilate, who, according to the Gospels, annually released a prisoner at Passover, offered to release Jesus, but the people demanded his death and Barabbas' delivery....

40. 7. Nailed to cross – crucifixion

41. 8. According to Gospels 3 days later was not in sealed tomb and seen living by his followers

42. a. Jesus ascended into heaven

43. 9. Became known as Jesus Christ

44. a. Christos Greek word for messiah or savior

45. III. Christianity Spreads through the Empire

46. A. Jesus first followers were only Jews

47. B. Paul

48. 1. Saul was from Tarsus

49. 2. Traveling from Damascus he met a blinding light

50. a. Saul, Saul why doest thou persecute me

54. b. Changed his life

55. 3. Taught to Gentiles or non Jews believed religion was for everybody

56. 4. Wrote several Epistles

57. a. Ephesians

58. b. Romans

59. c. Thessalonians

60. d. Galatians

61. e. Corinthians

62. 5. Was beheaded by Nero in 64 A.D.

63. 6. Advantages he had

64. a. Pax Romana

65. b. Road system

66. c. Common language

67. IV. Jewish Rebellion

68. A. In 66 Zealots rebelled against Rome

69. B. In 70 Rome destroyed The Temple and the west wall or the Whaling Wall is all that is left today

70. C. In 73 the Jewish fortress near Masada fell

71. D. In 132 the Jews were dispersed in the Diaspora

72. E. Nero burned Rome in 64 and blamed it on Jew, Christians, and Plebeians

73. 1. Put to death

74. a. Crucified

75. b. Burned

76. c. Fed to the lions

77. F. Peter and Paul were put to death in 64

78. V. A World Religion

79. A. Religious structure

80. 1. Monks and Nuns

81. 2. Priest

82. 3. Bishops- city

83. a. First Bishop was Peter all others trace their roots to him

84. 4. Archbishops – several cities

85. 5. Popes – Rome eventually

86. a. First Pope was Peter Caravaggio. The Crucifixion of St. Peter. 1600-1601

87. B. Constantine accepts Christianity in 313

88. 1. 312 Constantine prays to God before a major battle at Milvian Bridge

89. 2. Sees cross in sky and has Christian symbol painted on soldiers shields

90. 3. In 313 Constantine issues the Edict of Milan which made Christianity the official religion of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire)

91. Emperor Constantine I

92. 4. Emperor Theodosius in 380 makes Christianity the official religion of the entire Roman Empire

93. Theodosius

94. C. Discord and Harmony

95. 1. All people not accepting the basic teachings of the Church were charged with Heresy

96. 2. In 325 Constantine has the religious leaders record the teachings in The Nicene Creed

97. 3. Another father of the Church was Augustine who wrote The City of God