1. Questions of the Day 3-12-09

2. 1. What is desertification? http://www.remibenali.com/issues-sahel/sahel-4.php

3. Desertification is An expansion of dry conditions into moist areas that are next to the desert An expansion of dry conditions into moist areas that are next to the desert

4. 2. How does oil production affect the environment in Nigeria? http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/africa/july-dec07/delta_0727.html

5. Oil Production in Nigeria Damaged the land Damaged the land Harmed the people in the Nigerian Delta Harmed the people in the Nigerian Delta –Acid rain –Pollution of air, water, land –Do not clean up oil spills

6. 3. What is this image? What is it used for? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:BarragemAssu%C3%A3o.jpg

7. The image is The Aswan High Dam The Aswan High Dam Used for Used for –Controlling floodwaters –Irrigation –Water supplies Problems Problems –Relocation of people, loss of treasures –Malaria and other diseases –Loss of fertility of the soil around the Nile

8. Rise of Early Civilizations Location on seas Trade

9. International Trade East Africa became a cultural crossroads East Africa became a cultural crossroads Traded with India, Egypt, Roman Empire Traded with India, Egypt, Roman Empire

10. Berlin Conference 1884-1885 European colonization begins European colonization begins European nations divided Africa in order to obtain its resources European nations divided Africa in order to obtain its resources Only countries of Liberia and Ethiopia remained free from European control Only countries of Liberia and Ethiopia remained free from European control

11. Effects of colonialism European countries decided where boundaries should be set European countries decided where boundaries should be set Boundaries combined peoples that were enemies Boundaries combined peoples that were enemies

12. Farming and Tourism Economies Cash crops risky Cash crops risky –Crop prices depend on world market Agricultural Base is changing Agricultural Base is changing –More people moving to cities to seek employment opportunities there Threats to wildlife parks Threats to wildlife parks –More land is needed to grow food for the increasing human population –Some farmers have started plowing around wildlife parks

13. Maintaining Traditional Cultures Ethnic groups of East Africa Ethnic groups of East Africa –Masai and Kikuyu Mau Mau Rebellion Mau Mau Rebellion –Kikuyu organized rebellion to overthrow British rule Masai and Kikuyu similarities Masai and Kikuyu similarities –Masai are herders and farmers –Kikuyu are traditionally herders but today work a variety of jobs

14. Health Care in Modern Africa Most critical health-care problem in East Africa is AIDS Most critical health-care problem in East Africa is AIDS AIDS and HIV AIDS and HIV –AIDS is the disease –Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the cause of AIDS –Statistics are misleading  Reflect numbers of people with AIDS  Does not reflect numbers of people infected with HIV

15. DISASTERS! Famine in Somalia Principal NATURAL cause of famine Principal NATURAL cause of famine –drought Human factors that complicated the famine in Somalia Human factors that complicated the famine in Somalia –Somali criminals disrupted relief shipments –Civil war Somalia’s History Somalia’s History –Influence of foreign colonizers brought about changes such as the increased reliance on cash crops and livestock