1. Combining
Vocabulary & Grammar

2. Using Participles Participles are defined and examples are given at

3. Participles are verbs that end in –ed or –ing and act as adjectives
Participles are verbs that end in –ed or –ing and act as adjectives. Examples: Swimming happily in the pool, the little boy splashed and played. Saddened by the loss of her home, the woman picked through the rubble left by the tornado.

4. An introductory participial phrase must be followed by a comma
An introductory participial phrase must be followed by a comma. The introductory phrase MUST modify the next noun or pronoun. EXAMPLE: Carrying a pile of heavy books, James caught his foot on a step. NOT Carrying a pile of heavy books, his foot caught on a step.

5. Using Prepositions Prepositions are defined and examples given at
A list of prepositions is available at

6. Use a comma to separate a group of prepositional phrases of more than four words when the phrases come at the beginning of a sentence. Without a care in the world, the child played happily on the beach.

7. Rules for Prepositions
Prepositional phrases include the preposition, its object, and all modifiers.
The subject of the sentence is NEVER in the prepositional phrase.
Preposition should NEVER end sentences.

8. ASSIGNMENT:
Write TEN sentences using vocabulary words. Five of the sentences must include introductory participial phrases. Five of the sentences must include introductory prepositional phrases. TWO sentences must include PAIRED vocabulary words. ALL sentences must include strong context clues. Do NOT use phrases like “He is very….” THESE ARE DUE ON THURSDAY TO Turnitin.com.