1. AP World History (2/6)  Do Now: What does the cartoon suggest about the Ottoman Empire (Turkey in this cartoon) at this time (1750-1900)?  What issues or problems is the empire facing?

2. Decline of the Ottoman Empire  Why might each of these lead to decline?  Family squabbles amongst the sultans  Unable to make shari’a law work in changing world  Stayed conservative and attached to tradition  Central government loses power to provincial governors

3. Decline of the Ottoman Empire (pt. 2)  Slow to adopt new military technology from Europe  France and G.B protect them from Russia in Crimean War  The forces of nationalism (Greece and Serbia)  European involvement in education and legal codes

4. Attempts at reform  Sultan Selim III  Reform the military (European model)  Arrested by the janissaries (threatened)  Janissaries killed by next sultan (Mahmud II) and reforms took place  Also included educational reforms  Brought a European curricula to the empire  Positives/negatives?  Tanzimat  Reorganization  Substituted French law codes for shari’a law  Young Turks  Response to all the unrest  Inspired by Turkish nationalism  Focused on a new Turkish unity

5. Crimean War: What’s different here?

6. The Charge of the Light Brigade  How does the poem reveal a changing world during this time period (1750-1900)?  How does it connect Europe and the land based empires of Asia?

7. How can cheating on a test destroy your country?  Which of the following facts help explain this mystery?  1. The civil service exam in ancient China (started by the Han, continued by other dynasties) rewarded those with ability a place in the government.  2. All of the answers to the test were readily available.  3. During the Qing Dynasty, substitutes often took the exam for others.  4. Corruption prevented funds from finding their way into public works projects like flood control.  Why was this dynastic change so different than others that came before it?

8. The decline of the Qing Dynasty  Corruption  government bureaucrats stealing money  funds diverted from key flood control projects  displacement of people and other social problems  loss of mandate of heaven

9. Macartney’s mission  1792-sent by British gov. to address a trade deficit  G.B.-importing a ton of Chinese goods, but British goods mostly kept out of China (only could enter the port of Canton)  Both sides display ethnocentrism (see Wood)  How might this encounter affect both countries moving forward?  How might Macartney respond? The British government?

10. It all comes down to…  Tea? Really?  British became a nation of tea drinkers  Demand for Chinese tea rises  Even greater trade imbalance  What would China want from Britain?  How about Indian opium?  For obvious reasons, the Chinese government attempts to wipe out this trade by banning opium  Illegal trade continues  Chinese send Lin Zexu to Canton to block and destroy opium  British-”free trade” has been violated and they declare war

11. Results of the Opium Wars  What did the treaty of Nanking establish?  Answer the four questions at the end of the treaty excerpts.  Imagine you are diplomats charged with concluding these treaties for the Qing state on the one hand and for foreign powers on the other. Write a report detailing your negotiations. What are your main concerns? What are different ways you could look out for your interests? Should the treaty be accepted? Why or why not?  One to two paragraphs

12. What if the U.S. were expected to react to this in the same way?  How might our lives change?  Why would this intrusion be rebuffed?  Why was China unable to respond in a similar fashion?