1. 1750-1830 Unit 4: Classical

2. Review Phrase Cadence Homophonic  “Having one part or melody predominating”  All sounds (full chords) moving at the same time

3. Listening Example: Symphony No 94 in G major (“Surprise”) Movement 2 (most famous) Written in 1791 (while in London) Typical Classical Characteristics:  Standard symphonic structure:  4 movements. Strict forms: sonata, Theme and Variation, minuet and trio, and rondo  Larger orchestra: two flutes, oboes, bassoons, horns, trumpets, plus timpani and string section  Strict repetition of simple ideas (“motives”)  Drastic use of BOTH major and minor  Balances form, phrases, expressions… and adds comedy.

4. New Vocabulary: Motive  A short, musical idea  The most distinct part of the musical phrase  A “hook”

5. Listening Example: String Quartet Op 33, No. 2, Mvt 4 – “The Joke” MOTIVE introduced in first two measures Short, easy to remember, “cute” Use of SILENCE (rests), unexpected, amusing.  Find the steady beat – what do you notice?  Fast! “triplet” feel, the music is written in a special time signature!

6. More than comedy – Revolutionary Harmony! INTERVALS  The number used to say how far apart two pitches are  Originally used to create the first harmonies (Medieval!)  Evolved into Fauxbourdon; Evolved into Chords  Once chords were established and considered as full, unique sounds (more than just a stacking of intervals or numbers,) Haydn got CREATIVE with how he thought of intervals! String Quartet,Op 76, No 2. – “Fifths”  All four movements have a MOTIVE that centers around an INTERVAL http://blog.mysanantonio.com/jackfishman/2011/06/haydns-head/