1. WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY? Does it make life easier? Can it make life harder?
WARM UP
WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY? Does it make life easier? Can it make life harder?

2. Project #1 – Technology Through the Ages – Due Sept 22/23
Select a topic randomly
Either do a poster board or power point showing the evolution of the invention from its appearance to modern day.
Must be illustrated with no less than 5 images.
If doing PP must print slides out.
Must be presented in class on the following schedule:

3. Poster Project Options
Automobile
Airplane
Railroad
Telephone
Elevator
Guns (1800-present)
Phonograph/recordable sound
Sewing machine
Washing machine
Light bulb
Moving Pictures
Photography
Bicycle
Submarine
Typewriter
Refrigeration/ice machines
Rubber
The Bathroom
Radio
Motorcycle

4. WARM UP
Did you watch any of the 9/11 memorials on TV…what do you remember of September 11?

5. The Industrial Eras
Chapters 19 and 20

6. Industrial Revolution Begins
Great Britain is given credit for starting the Industrial Revolution.
Why?
Agriculture
Population growth
*****Capital & Entrepreneurs (Cash Rules Everything Around ME)
Natural Resources
Large empire - Supply of Markets

7. Cotton Industry Cottage industries are the first to mechanize
James Hargreaves, 1764, spinning jenny
Edmund Cartwright, 1787, water-powered loom
James Watt, 1782, steam engine
Britain is the number one importer of cotton, exporter of cloth in the 18th and 19th centuries
Technology is kept a secret

9. Coal and Iron Industries
Puddling
The Coking Process
Britain, leading iron producer, later steel

11. Railroads & Steam Ships
1804- First steam locomotive runs
1830 – The Rocket, carries passengers
Key in economic growth
The Clermont, 1807, Robert Fulton
Offered steamship service on the Hudson River, NY

12. 19th Century Factories Rural First workers are Women & Children
Difficult conditions
Poorly lit
Unhealthy – lung disease
12 hour work days
No workers rights

13. Warm Up
Great Job Overall on the questions for the map exercise yesterday.
Check Notes Hw Sec 1.
Log In to Edmodo
Part 1: Life & Debt Expl.
Part 2: Timeline
HW-Complete Reading Guide/Notes Section 2 Chapter 19

14. Growth of Cities
Conversion to coal generated boilers – factories begin to shift to urban areas
Population growth
London, UK – 1 million
North America - No cities over 100,000 before 1800
Emigration/Immigration
Opportunity
Squalid conditions
Social Class Structure re-organizing.
Industrial middle class
Industrial working class

15. WARM UP

16. Daily Opener
Which condition is most necessary to the process of industrialization in a society?
Dependence on subsistence agriculture
Creation of a one-crop economy
Availability of investment capital
Capture of foreign lands
“A country is not merely a geographic territory. A country is also the idea given birth by the geographic territory. A country is a sense of love that unites, as one, all the sons and daughters of that geographic territory…”
--World History: A Story of Progress
This quotation supports the idea of
totalitarian rule
absolute monarchy
Mercantilism
nationalism

17. Congress of Vienna Vienna, Austria - 1815
Prince Klemens von Metternich
Meeting of European powers
Divide Up Napoleon’s Empire
Principle of Legitimacy
Established Alliances – The Concert of Europe (UK, Russia, Austria & Prussia)

18. Concerts of Europe Principle of Intervention- What is it?
Holds until Crimean War,
Russians invade Ottomans, Britain and Austria turn on Russia

20. Political Ideologies Conservatism Liberalism Tradition and Stability
Principle of Intervention
Upper Class/Clergy
Protected by The Concert of Europe
Liberalism
Ideas of Enlightenment
Inspired Nationalist revolts
Middle and Working Classes

21. Socialism
Response to political/economic inequality of the industrial working classes
Karl Marx and Frederich Engles
“Das Kapital”, “The Communist Manifesto”
Social strife was driven by the ongoing struggle between the social classes for control of natural resources
Bourgeoisie/”Haves”
Proletariat/”Have-nots”

22. Socialism (con’t) Proletariat would revolt, and establish a new order
Government sponsorship of industries
Regulate, promote common wages and profit share
How does that compare to capitalism and its laissez Faire economic ideology?
Social class eliminated = crime eliminated (In Theory)
Called attention to evils of capitalist industrialism – poor wages, exploitation, bad working conditions – rise of unions

23. Where would you rather live? Is there bias here?

24. Warm-up (verbal)
5 major contributions to Industrial Rev. in Britain?
What major inventions improved textile industry?
Who made improvements to steam engine and why was it important to the industrial rev.?
What social impact did the industrial rev. have in Europe?
Men-
Women & Children-

25. European Revolutions in 1848
European Nationalism
European Revolutions in 1848

26. Nationalist Revolts
1830s - Rose out of people’s desire to shed foreign imperial power and create new states
Loyalty to nation, patriotism
Popular idea during French Revolution
Opposed by Conservatives; upset power balance in Europe
Hungary – wanted separation from Austrian Empire
France – over threw Bourbon monarchy
Belgium – independence from Dutch
Attempts in Poland and Italy, unsuccessful

27. Revolutions of 1848 France Germany Austria
Unhappy with new monarchy under Louis-Phillipe - overthrown
Universal male suffrage granted, C.L.N. Bonaparte elected president
Germany
Demonstrations to achieve German unification
Austria
Gave Hungary its own legislative powers, did not achieve independence
Northern Italian holdings revolted as well

28. Italy Dominated by Austria until 1850
Unification and nationalist movements
Camillio Cavour
Giuseppe Garibaldi
1861 – King Victor Emmanuel II declared king of Italy
Venice (1866), Rome (1870) annexed later

29. German Unification and Otto Von Bismark
Realpolitik
Ignored legislative opposition – creates Northern German Confederation
Establishes the German Empire and names King William I, the Kaiser or “Caeser”
German expansion ideals

30. Victorian Great Britain
1832 – increased voting population – mostly industrial middle class – avoided revolution
Queen Victoria comes to throne, 1837
Victorian Age,
Wealth
Morality
Expansion – “The Sun Never Sets on Her Majesty’s Empire”(British Empire)

31. Austria & Hungary Compromise of 1867 Increased ethnic resentment
Dual monarchy- Single monarch
Own constitution, own legislature and capital
Increased ethnic resentment
Jerry! Jerry! Jerry!
Sorry ladies!

32. Russia Russia still behind Europe
Technologically
Socially
Politically
Czar Alexander II (Tries Liberal Reform)
Emancipation of the Serfs 1861
No one pleased with reforms
Assassinated… Why???

33. The Early U.S. (1800-1865) Voting population increased
Intense sectional rivalries developing – industrializing North vs. agricultural & slave holding South
Abolitionism
The U.S. Civil War,
Europe uninvolved

34. Canada British colony in Rebellion 1837/38
Upper (English) and Lower (French) Canada unified in 1840
British North America Act of 1867
Own parliament and self-governed.
Foreign affairs still British Controlled
John Macdonald – First Canadian Prime Minister

35. Classwork/HW: “Forces of Change” Foldable
1. Fold paper in half.
2. Create 4 flaps
3. Label
Liberalism
Conservatism
Nationalism
Socialism
4. Lift flap to reveal description.
Define
Who supported why?
Who opposed? And why? (think social classes)
Ideologies impact on society in the 19th century.
Did it cause or prevent change? Why?

36. Artistic Explosion Romantic Period Realistic Period Impressionism
Fantastical images
Historical interest
Realistic Period
Interest in everyday subjects
Impressionism
Everyday subjects portrayed in a stylistic technique small abstract strokes
Post – Impressionism
Further Stylizing of Impressionist school

37. Eugene Delacroix - Romantic

38. John Constable - Romantic

39. Caspar David Frederich - Romantic

40. John William Waterhouse - Romantic

41. Gustave Courbet - Realism

42. Winslow Homer - Realism

43. Eduard Manet - Realism

44. Edgar Degas - Realism

45. Edgar Degas (later) -Impressionism

46. Mary Cassatt -Impressionism

47. August Renoir -Impressionism

48. Claude Monet -Impressionism

49. Georges Seurat - Post/Neo-Impressionism

50. Vincent Van Gogh - Post/Neo-Impressionism

51. Henri Toulouse-Lautrec

52. Paul Cezanne - Post/Neo-Impressionism

53. Henri Matisse - Post/Neo-Impressionism

54. Pablo Picasso - Post/Neo-Impressionism

55. Edvard Munch - Post/Neo-Impressionism

56. Warm Up
Have Foldable and Notes Section 3 reading guide out to be checked.
20 houses
2 nice houses
5 tenements
2 stores
1 pub
1 church
5 factories

57. The Urban Game We will be designing our own mini-civilization.
Gradually, as we move through from 1700 on, we will depict our societies evolution from a:
Rural Agricultural  Urban Industrial Society

58. On a piece of paper Where do you see yourself in 5 years?
Mentally
Socially
Financially
Please elaborate, I want to know all the details.

59. The 2nd Industrial Revolution

60. The Second Industrial Revolution
Industrial Shift
Steel, Chemicals, Electricity, Petroleum
Mechanization – more efficient trains, ships, first cars
Communication improvements
Telephone
Radio
Mass production of consumer goods, drives prices down – more people can afford more stuff

61. Urban Development Urban Populations Growing Quickly
London, England
,000
1900 – 6,500,000
Migration and Immigration – ethnic neighborhoods
Improvement in living conditions
Improved wages
Government regulatory agencies
Unions
Social reforms
Running water, waste disposal and sewage

62. Little Italy 1900’s (Mulberry St.)

63. 19th Century Urban Development Percent of population living in cities (40 years)

64. The New Social Structure
The Elite Class
5% of population/40% of wealth
Blended society
Old aristocratic families
New moneyed industrialists (Gatsby)

65. The New Social Structure
The Middle Class
Upper Middle
Factory owners, bankers, merchants, large land owners
Middle Middle
Doctors, Lawyers, Government
Lower Middle
Shop owners, small land owners
“The White Collar” Worker
Bookkeepers, accountants, service people, etc.
Middle class will be the drivers of economy and culture from here out.

66. The New Social Structure, con’t
The Working Class
80% of Industrialized nations’ populations
Industrial Laborers/miners
Agricultural laborers
Domestic Servants – employed by upper middle class

67. Emerging Feminism Traditional Role of the Victorian Woman challenged
Homemaker
Wife
Mother
New identities in professions
Suffrage movements
First female Universities appearing
Social activism

68. Social Awareness Urban reforms for better living conditions
Admission of working class in leisure activities
Sick Houses
Aid to the Poor/Charitable organizations
Women’s suffrage ???
Public Education
Boys and Girls, 6-12
High school/university still for wealthy

69. Social Darwinism and Racism
Herbert Spencer and Social Darwinism
Poverty has to exist because some people are inherently inferior to other – a.k.a social elitism.
“Survival of the fittest” mentality
Used to justify ethnocentrism and racism
Houston Stewart Chamberlain and the Aryan Ideal
White European cultures are superior to others
Promoted colonization of non-white cultures
Anti-Semitism
Persecution of Jews
Pogrom in Russia
Most nations (except US) had to keep in separate communities
Zionism-

70. Review Questions
Why did the feminist movement gain so much momentum during the Industrial Revolution?
What is Social Darwinism, and how can the theory be used to justify racism?
Can you think of any figure in history that may have used the theory Social Darwinism to justify immoral acts?
Why is the middle class so essential from this point on in industrialized societies?

71. Analyzing Political Cartoons
Checking Study Guides!!!
What is this cartoon trying to point out about the higher education “business” today?
What do you see?
Are there any clues?
If so how can they help decipher the artists true message?
Why would the artist draw this?
Do you think this artist would be liberal or conservative? Why?

72. Classwork
Major Contributors to the Industrial Revolutions Graphic Organizer
Use your textbook, and the internet to research these individuals and their major contributions.