1. Industrial Prosperity, Urbanization & Democracy Mr. Ermer World History Miami Beach Senior High

2. The Second Industrial Revolution Second Industrial Revolution: steel, chemicals, electricity, petroleum Second Industrial Revolution: steel, chemicals, electricity, petroleum Steel: lighter, stronger machines; taller buildings Steel: lighter, stronger machines; taller buildings Telephone: helps communication Telephone: helps communication Streetcars and subways allow cities to grow Streetcars and subways allow cities to grow Automobiles allow for greater mobility Automobiles allow for greater mobility Department stores sell many goods in one shop Department stores sell many goods in one shop In Europe, Britain, Belgium, France, Netherlands, N. Italy and Germany industrialize; rest of Europe provides raw materials—world economy emerges In Europe, Britain, Belgium, France, Netherlands, N. Italy and Germany industrialize; rest of Europe provides raw materials—world economy emerges

5. The Working Classes 1848: German thinkers Karl Marx & Friederick Engels publishes The Communist Manifesto 1848: German thinkers Karl Marx & Friederick Engels publishes The Communist Manifesto Advocates revolution, dictatorship, reorganization of society, withering of state Advocates revolution, dictatorship, reorganization of society, withering of state Socialist workers’ parties emerge Socialist workers’ parties emerge Many differing ideas among groups Many differing ideas among groups Trade Unions represent workers’ interests Trade Unions represent workers’ interests Improve work conditions Improve work conditions

7. Mass Society Cities grow as more people move from country, lower class=majority Cities grow as more people move from country, lower class=majority Concerns of majority at forefront Concerns of majority at forefront London: population 6.5 million London: population 6.5 million Living conditions improve in cities Living conditions improve in cities Delivery of water is essential, gas heaters provide many with hot baths Delivery of water is essential, gas heaters provide many with hot baths Sewage systems improve—Frankfurt Sewage systems improve—Frankfurt Standard of living improves for many Standard of living improves for many

8. New Social Order New elites: old landed aristocrats, join rich industrialists and professionals in upper class New elites: old landed aristocrats, join rich industrialists and professionals in upper class Middle class: professionals & skilled workers Middle class: professionals & skilled workers Shared common values: hard work, religious Shared common values: hard work, religious Working class: 80% of European population Working class: 80% of European population Women get new job opportunities Women get new job opportunities Families begin to shrink with living space Families begin to shrink with living space Feminism, and women’s rights movements Feminism, and women’s rights movements Women demand right to vote Women demand right to vote Universal education advocated, literacy Universal education advocated, literacy Leisure time becomes more common Leisure time becomes more common

10. Democracy In Western Europe More Europeans get right to vote, demand fair and responsive government More Europeans get right to vote, demand fair and responsive government Great Britain’s two parties alternate power Great Britain’s two parties alternate power After Napoleon III’s fall, Third French Republic est in 1875, though weak, the republic had loyalty of the people After Napoleon III’s fall, Third French Republic est in 1875, though weak, the republic had loyalty of the people Italy: much conflict b/w rich industrial north, and poor rural south Italy: much conflict b/w rich industrial north, and poor rural south

12. Old Ways: Central/Eastern Europe Germany’s William II fires Bismarck and pushes against spread of democracy Germany’s William II fires Bismarck and pushes against spread of democracy Germany=very powerful military Germany=very powerful military Austro-Hungarian empire fights to keep control of its lands, oppresses reforms Austro-Hungarian empire fights to keep control of its lands, oppresses reforms Russia’s Nicholas II industrializes Russia, holds absolute power, creates weak legislature (Duma) pushed by socialist groups Russia’s Nicholas II industrializes Russia, holds absolute power, creates weak legislature (Duma) pushed by socialist groups Russia supports Slav uprisings in Balkans Russia supports Slav uprisings in Balkans

13. United States Slaves freed, racist laws arise in South Slaves freed, racist laws arise in South Economy explodes with growth Economy explodes with growth European immigration to U.S. provides steady workforce; 1870-1900 11 million European immigration to U.S. provides steady workforce; 1870-1900 11 million 1900: U.S. is world’s richest nation 1900: U.S. is world’s richest nation Top 7% owns 71% of wealth Top 7% owns 71% of wealth Expands territory, buys Alaska from Russia, colonizes Hawaii Expands territory, buys Alaska from Russia, colonizes Hawaii 1898: U.S. wins Spanish-American War gains Puerto Rico, Cuba, Philippines, Guam 1898: U.S. wins Spanish-American War gains Puerto Rico, Cuba, Philippines, Guam Cuba given independence, with U.S. control Cuba given independence, with U.S. control

15. International Rivalries Germany’s emergence upsets balance Germany’s emergence upsets balance Triple Alliance: German, Austria-Hungary and Italy join against France Triple Alliance: German, Austria-Hungary and Italy join against France Triple Entente: France, Britain, Russia Triple Entente: France, Britain, Russia Serbians, Slavs, Poles rise up, cause dangerous environment between two alliances—sets stage for World War I Serbians, Slavs, Poles rise up, cause dangerous environment between two alliances—sets stage for World War I

16. Work On It: On Page 362, write and answer questions 1-10