1. WHS AP Psychology Growth of Psychology

2. I CAN zTrace the growth of psychology.

3. What is Psychology? zPsychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes zScientific? yNot just common sense or guesses yPsychology uses the scientific method yScientific Method is careful observations and the experimental testing of hypothesis zBehavior – what people do on the outside zMental Processes – What is going on inside someone's head. We call this cognition. zPsychology includes the study of both humans and animals

4. Psychology’s Roots  Wilhelm Wundt ( vil´helm voont) opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Liepzig (c. 1879)

5. Psychology’s Roots  Wundt’s significance?  By insisting on measurement and experimentation he moves Psych from Philosophy to Science

6. Psychology’s Roots  1. Structuralism –  School of psychology that stressed the basic units of experience (physical sensation, feelings, and memories) and the combinations in which they occur.  Study these ‘atoms of experience’ to get the structure of the mind  Uses INTROSPECTION: The process of reporting one’s own conscious mental experiences

7. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots  William James  Rejects Structuralism  Influenced by Darwin  2. Functionalism – theory of mental life and behavior that is concerned with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function in its enviroment.

8. The Growth of Psychology zSigmund Freud: 3. Psychodynamic psychology yBehavior results from forces at work within the individual, often at an unconscious level yLate 1800s yHard to prove or disprove scientifically

9. Return to the observable in the early 1900s zJohn B. Watson: 4. Behaviorism yStudied only observable behaviors yExpanded upon the work of Pavlov zB.F. Skinner: Behaviorism revisited yExpanded behaviorism yViewed the mind as a “black box” that was irrelevant

10. The Cognitive Revolution zThe precursors to 7. cognitive psychology: y5. Gestalt psychology xStudy of how we perceive objects as whole patterns xTherapy that wishes to treat the whole person y6. Humanistic psychology xEmphasizes realization of full potential xRecognizes importance of love, self esteem, belonging, and self-actualization

11. The Cognitive Revolution of the 1960s zStudy of mental processes yThinking yLearning yFeeling yRemembering yDecision making

12. New Directions in Psychology z8. Evolutionary psychology yStudies the adaptive value of behaviors and mental processes z9. Positive psychology yStudy of the subjective feelings of happiness and well-being yFocus is on positive attitude

13. Multiple Perspectives z10. ECCLECTICISM zThere is no single right answer zSeveral perspectives can provide insight into behavior

14. Psychology’s Big Issues zNature-nurture controversy yAre we a product of innate, inborn tendencies controlled by our genetic make-up? yAre we a reflection of experiences and upbringing? zPerson–Situation yIs behavior caused by factors inside the person or outside? zStability–Change yAre behavior patterns learned in childhood permanent or do people change over time? zDiversity-Universality yHow am I like every person, like some people, and like no one else? zMind–Body yWhat is the relationship between the mind and the body?

15. Can I zTrace the growth of psychology?