1. People and Ideas on the Move
Chapter 3
People and Ideas on the Move

2. 3.2 Roots of Hinduism and Buddhism

3. Hinduism
Collection of religious beliefs that developed over a long period of time
Founded by many people with 1000’s gods
Upanishads—sacred writings
Liberation from desire and suffering
Moksha—perfect understanding of all things
Release from life
This takes many lifetimes
Reincarnation—rebirth of the soul
Karma—good and bad deed that determine one’s standing in life

4. Hindu Gods Polytheistic—Believe in many gods 3 main Gods
Brahma—creator
Vishnu—protector
Shiva—destroyer
Off shoot of Hinduism
Jainism—nothing in the world should be harmed

5. Buddha and Buddhism Founder—Siddhartha Gautama
Left his palace seeking enlightenment (wisdom)
4 Noble Truths
Eightfold Path leads to Nirvana
Rejected gods and caste system
Popular with the lower class and women
Buddhism spreads through trade

6. 3.3 Seafaring Traders
Seafaring traders were able spread new ideas, culture, religion, and good over great distances

7. Minoans Dominated trade in eastern Med from 2000-1400 BCE
Island of Crete
Exported goods and culture
King Minos
Bull leaping
Painted pottery
Women led rituals

8. Phoenicians Dominated trade after the Minoans
Several of city-states throughout the Mediterranean
Excellent shipbuilders
Alphabet
Trade also stretched to the far east (India, China)

9. 3.4 Origins of Judaism
The Hebrews, later called the Jews, would eventually settle in Palestine

10. The Hebrews, later called the Jews, would eventually settle in Palestine

11. Search for the Promise Land
Canaan—land God promised to the Hebrews
Torah—Hebrew Bible (Old Testament)
Abraham—”father” of the Hebrews
Ur Canaan Egypt
Yahweh
Monotheism
Covenant

12. Egypt Israel At first welcomed, but later forced into slavery
The Exodus
Moses
New Covenant—10 Commandments
Return to Canaan
Israel
Harsh conditions, and landscape
Judah
3 Kings
Saul, David, and Solomon
Jerusalem
Tribute paid to the Assyrians
Babylonians conquered and enslaved the Jews
Set free by King Cyrus