1. Managing Risk with the IPDE Process
Chapter 5
Drive Right

2. Risk All activities involve some degree of risk.
The risk when driving is the possibility of conflict.
Risk Factors:
Driver
Vehicle
Roadway and environment

3. Driver-contributed Risk Factors
From all drivers on the road.
Adjusting the radio
Being angry
Having blurred vision
Combing hair / fixing make-up
Drinking while driving
Using a cell phone

4. Vehicle-contributed Risk Factors
Most are the responsibility of the owner.
Bald tires
Poorly adjusted brakes
Dirty windshield
Broken headlight
Worn wiper blades

5. Roadway & Environment Risk Factors
Bright sun
Construction
Dark shadows
Snow, ice, and rain
Sharp curves

6. Low-risk Driving
Good drivers make every effort to manage risk in order to lower the probability of conflict.
Good seeing habits and your ability to manage space in the roadway are basic tools for low risk driving.
Use IPDE along with the Smith and Zone Control systems.

7. The Smith System
Method to help develop good seeing habits by using five keys:
Aim high in steering
Get the big picture
Keep your eyes moving
Leave yourself an “out”
Make sure they see you.

8. Zone Control System
Managing the 6 zones of space surrounding your vehicle. (Overhead 9)
3 steps:
See a zone change.
Check other zones
Create time and space by getting the best speed control, lane position, and communication.

9. Zone Zone Control System
Sets the standard of what to identify and what to do when you find it.
One of six areas of space around a vehicle that is the width of a lane and extends as far as a driver can see.
Left-front Front Right-front
Left-rear Rear Right-rear

10. Open Zone
A space where you can drive without a restriction to your line of sight or to your intended path of travel.
Line of sight – the distance you can see ahead in the direction you are looking.
Intended path of travel – the space your vehicle will occupy.

11. Closed Zone
A space not open to you because of a restriction in your line of sight or intended path of travel.
The sooner you identify a closed zone, the more time you have to respond.

12. You will use both the Smith and Zone Control Systems within the IPDE Process.

13. Drive Right chapter 6
Saturday, April 22, 2017
I.P.D.E.
Visual information sent to the brain is combined with stored information.
As a result, you can:
Identify hazards
Predict conflicts
Decide to maintain or adjust your speed and position
Execute your decisions
Image from:
Retrieved: 08/04/10
Version 2

14. Safe Driving Habits Video
California DMV
Sharing the Road Video
Safe Driving Habits
(1:46)
Always preview video before showing to students
Check content
Check availability
“Sharing the Road” image from:
Click on web address to access video clips
*Suggest full screen viewing

15. Identify More that just seeing
You have to give meaning to what you see.
Knowing:
When to look
Where to look
How to look
What to look for

16. Field of Vision
Field of vision is the entire area that you can see while looking straight ahead.
Central Vision targeting
Fringe Vision depth and position
Peripheral Vision color and motion

17. 3 Visual Fields Central Vision Central Vision
Peripheral Vision
Fringe Vision
Central Vision
Central Vision
Visual Acuity, Targeting, Signs, Signals
Fringe
Referencing,
Path of Travel
Peripheral Vision
Motion and Color Changes

18. Straight-ahead vision
Central Vision
Straight-ahead vision
Used for:
Targeting skills
Establishing visual lead
Reading signs and interpreting signals
Image from:
Retrieved: 08/03/10

19. Approximately 90 to each side
Peripheral Vision
Approximately 90 to each side
Used to see:
Moving objects
Color changes
Motorcycle image from:
Retrieved: 08/03/10

20. Fringe vision allows drivers to see the roadway without looking down.
Upper Fringe Vision
Targeting
Car image from:
Dash image from:
Retrieved: 08/03/10
Lower Fringe Vision

21. Scanning the Road Video
See Rules of the Road video
#7-Scanning
(1:44)
Always preview video before showing to students
Check content
Check availability
“Rules of the Road” image from:
Retrieved: 01/21/10
CA DMV image from:
Retrieved: 07/31/10
Click on web address to access video clips
*Suggest full screen viewing

22. Did You Know
Final Thoughts
It takes only one-tenth of a second for a collision to occur. That’s half the time it takes just to blink your eyes.
Accident image from:
Distracted image from:
Retrieved: 08/03/10

23. Searching Range
A certain distance ahead of the vehicle where the intended path of travel is systematically evaluated.
To keep alert to the conditions of your zones, there are 3 searching ranges that need to be evaluated.
Target Area Range, Second Range, and 4-6 Second Range.

24. Target Area Range The space from your vehicle to the target area.
Search to detect early any conditions that might affect your intended path of travel.

25. 12-15 Second Range
The space you will travel in the next seconds.
Identify changes in your line of sight or path of travel.
Identify possible closed zones

26. 4-6 Second Rage The space you will travel during the next 4-6 seconds.
Get the final update on how you are controlling your intended path of travel.

27. Orderly Visual Search Pattern (OVSP)
A process of searching critical areas in a regular sequence.
Look for clues in and around your intended path of travel.

28. Keep Your Eyes Moving
Looking near and far, side to side, and in the mirrors will help you see a zone change before it becomes critical.
Do not stare, look only for an instant.
Scanning – glancing continually and quickly with very brief fixations through your orderly visual search pattern.

29. Look for Roadway Features and Conditions
Intersections, hills, and curves.
Change from multi-lane to single lane
Change in width of lane
Condition of roadway surface
Roadside hazards.