2. History Study Guide Alabama High School Graduation Exam

3. Who was the director of the Seneca Falls Convention and a women’s rights advocate? Elizabeth Cady Stanton

4. Who is known for her work in women’s rights, esp. the suffrage movement? (She was once on a $1 coin) Susan B. Anthony

5. Who was the woman who tried to get poor women to use birth control? Margaret Sanger

6. Who was the Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court during the formative years? John Marshall

7. Who wrote our National Anthem, “The Star Spangled Banner?” Francis Scott Key

8. What U.S. President was elected by the Common Man (1828) and moved Indians to reservations? Andrew Jackson

9. Who raided the army arsenal at Harpers Ferry to get weapons to kill slave owners? John Brown

10. Who was the President of the U.S. during the Civil War? (he wanted no extension of slavery) Abraham Lincoln

11. Who was the commander of the SOUTHERN Army during the Civil War? Robert E. Lee

12. Who was the 1 st and only President of the Confederacy (during the Civil War)? Jefferson Davis

13. Who was the leader of the Union Army (NORTH) during the Civil War? (he was a weak President later) Ulysses S. Grant

14. Who created the idea of Social Darwinism? “Survival of the Fittest” Charles Darwin

15. What rich American owned most of the oil rights in the United States? John D. Rockefeller

16. Who founded the Niagara Movement which became the NAACP? (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) William E. B. Dubois

17. Who was the founder of the Tuskegee Institute (an Alabama flight school for blacks)? Booker T. Washington

18. Who invented peanut butter and developed over 300 products from peanuts? George Washington Carver

19. What U.S. President was one of the “Rough Riders” during the Spanish-American War? Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt

20. What U.S. President created the League of Nations after World War I, but the U.S. didn’t join it? Woodrow Wilson

21. Whose assassination started World War I? Archduke Francis Ferdinand

22. Who was the leader of Germany who killed Jews during WWII? Hitler

23. Who made the first non-stop flight from U.S. to Paris? (His plane was named The Spirit of St. Louis) Charles Lindberg

24. Which U.S. President who was blamed for the Great Depression? Herbert Hoover

25. Who was the U.S. President during the Great Depression and WWII? (he created TVA and alphabet agencies) Franklin D. Roosevelt

26. Who was the leader of Russia (Soviet Union) during World War II? Joseph Stalin

27. Who was the leader of the British forces (England) during World War II? Winston Churchill

28. Who was the leader of Italy during World War II? Benito Mussolini

29. Who was the U.S. Supreme Commander of World War II? General Dwight D. Eisenhower

30. Who was the first person to warn the colonists that the British soldiers were headed to Lexington and Concord? Paul Revere

31. What is the name of England’s Bill of Rights? (It was signed in 1215 by King John) Magna Carta

32. What was the Constitutional Convention’s decision to apportion representation in Congress Called? Senate (2 people) and House of Representatives (based on population)

33. When deciding how to apportion representation, what was the Constitutional Convention’s decision to count 5 slaves as 3 people?

34. Which Branch of the U.S. Government makes the laws? Legislative Branch

35. Which Branch of the U.S. Government enforces the law? Executive Branch

36. Which Branch of the U.S. government interprets the law? Judicial Branch

37. What states we can change or add laws as times change, or as necessary? Elastic Clause

38. What was the name of the laws which separated blacks and whites? Black Codes (Jim Crow Laws)

39. Which treaty ended the French and Indian War? (England got all land east of Mississippi) Treaty of 1763

40. What treaty gave the U.S. all the land east of the Mississippi River? (it ended the American Revolution)

41. What was the process of kidnapping British Navy men and forcing them into military service? Impressments

42. What is a government order prohibiting the movement of merchant ships into or out of its ports?

43. What is the surrounding and blockading of a city, town, or fortress by an army attempting to capture it called? siege

44. What document describes how to become a state? Northwest Ordinance

45. The ______________________ established that new states above 36 o 30’ North would be free, and those below could decide. Missouri Compromise

46. The movement attempting to end the legal sale of alcohol temperance

47. What is the movement to end slavery called? Abolition

48. What is the term which means “pride in one’s country?” nationalism

49. What was the high tax on imported goods, designed to help American factories by causing import prices to be higher?

50. Which court case stated “once a slave, always a slave?” Dred Scott Decision

51. Which law stated the North had to return runaway slaves to Southern slave owners? Fugitive Slave Act

52. What law gave settlers 160 acres of land if they agreed to live on it for 5 years? Homestead Act

53. Lincoln’s attempt to free slaves in the South was the ______________ ______________ Emancipation Proclamation

54. Northerners who helped the South during the Civil War and Reconstruction Carpetbaggers

55. Southerners who helped the North during the Civil War were called ____________ Scalawags

56. Area of the country that always voted Democratic in early elections was called ___________ Solid South

57. To own all of something in business, or a particular kind of business monopoly

58. Newspaper writers who exposed corruption were called ______________ muckrakers

59. ____________, a muckraker, wrote “The Jungle” an expose’ on the meat packing industry Upton Sinclair

60. This court case established “separate but equal” Plessy vs. Ferguson

61. What area of the USA is known for their farming and plantations? The South

62. Which state got its independence from Mexico? (It was once an independent nation) Texas

63. Andrew Jackson defeated the Creek Indians at ________________ Alabama Horseshoe Bend,

64. The fort under fire when Francis Scott Key wrote the “The Star Spangled Banner” during the War of 1812? Fort McHenry

65. Kansas-Nebraska Act: It proposed that the states would have the freedom to decide the issue of slavery (Let the people decide) What was the Doctrine called?

66. The first capital of the Confederacy Montgomery, Alabama

67. The 2 nd capital of the Confederacy Richmond, Virginia

68. The county that attempted to secede from Alabama during the Civil War

69. What was the only U.S. state formed as a direct result of the Civil War? (It seceded from Virginia) West Virginia

70. The city on the Mississippi River that Grant captured to split the South during the Civil War Vicksburg, Mississippi

71. This battle was the turning point of the Civil War Gettysburg

72. Where did Lee surrender to Grant to end the Civil War? Appomattox Courthouse

73. What place in the Americas connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans? (associated with yellow fever) Panama Canal

74. Germany invaded this country to begin World War II Poland

75. This U.S. Naval Base was bombed by the Japanese on December 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

76. D-Day began here June 6, 1944 (a city in France where U.S. troops landed during WWII) Normandy

77. Two Japanese cities where atomic bombs were dropped by the United States Hiroshima & Nagasaki

78. The turning point of the American Revolution (huge defeat of England) Saratoga

79. Which amendment to the Constitution ended slavery in seceding states? multiple choice 13 th 14 th 15 th 18 th

80. Which amendment to the Constitution made former slaves citizens? multiple choice 13 th 14 th 15 th 18 th

81. Which amendment to the Constitution gave all men the right to vote? multiple choice 13 th 14 th 15 th 18 th

82. Which amendment to the Constitution created the income tax? 14 th 15 th 16 th 18 th

83. Which amendment to the Constitution stopped the sale of alcohol? 14 th 15 th 16 th 18 th

84. Which amendment to the Constitution repealed the 18 th Amendment? 13 th 14 th 19 th 21 st

85. This was a war to regain Holy Land from Muslims for Christians (led by Pope Pious II) Crusades

86. During this period of time there was a REBIRTH of learning in Europe

87. The _________________________ led to the creation of other churches outside the Catholic faith Protestant Reformation

88. In this war, the French and Indians fought settlers, and the settlers moved into the Ohio Valley French & Indian War

89. These two acts stopped the creation of monopolies Clayton & Sherman Anti-Trust Acts

90. ______ means “city” Urban

91. Rural ______ means “country” A word describing farms and plantations in the South

92. A German U-boat sank this British ship involving the USA in World War I (There were 128 Americans on board at the time) Lusitania

93. This German telegram caused the USA to enter World War I (It promised Mexico land in America if they would declare war on the USA) Zimmerman Note

94. This organization was created by President Woodrow Wilson (similar to United Nations; the USA did not join) League of Nations

95. During the 1920’s GOOD TIMES nickname Jazz Age

96. A person who worked on a farm in exchange for a percentage of crop was called a _______________ sharecropper

97. A person who rented land and shared the proceeds of his crop was called a _____________ tenant farmer

98. What was movement which attempted to end the sale of alcohol in the USA? Prohibition

99. Franklin D. Roosevelt’s plan to stop the Great Depression The New Deal

100. unemployment insurance old age pension help for the handicapped Social Security This act created:

101. This New Deal organization insured bank deposits F.D.I.C.

102. Franklin D. Roosevelt talked to people over the radio in a series of broadcasts called “fireside chats”

103. The wind blew topsoil away in the west during the ___________ Dust Bowl

104. To kill an entire group of people GENOCIDE

105. Alabama Indian Tribes Choctaw Chickasaw Cherokee Creek

106. These three Amendments to the U.S. Constitution are collectively known as the __________ Amendments Civil War

107. This is required before one can vote in the United States citizenship

108. “The Father of the Blues” Famous jazz musician from Alabama W. C. Handy

109. Drained areas around Panama Canal to control mosquitoes and end the Yellow Fever epidemic William Gorgas

110. The first permanent Spanish settlement in present day USA St. Augustine, Florida

111. First successful permanent English settlement in present day USA Jamestown, Virginia

112. Cornwallis surrendered to Washington here (French broke British blockade) Yorktown

113. This state was admitted to the Union on December 14, 1819

114. The Indians were moved from southeast United States to this present day state on the “Trail of Tears” Oklahoma

115. Mormons moved here to practice their religion without interference Utah

116. Gold was discovered here starting with the 1849 Gold Rush Sutters Mill, California

117. Area of the country that developed industrially early in our history

118. Thomas Jefferson wrote this document which caused the separation of the U.S. from England Declaration of Independence

119. Who warned us to avoid political parties and foreign alliances in his farewell address? George Washington

120. The supreme law of the United States that begins “We the people” Constitution

121. The First 10 Amendments to the Constitution are collectively known as the ______________ Bill of Rights

122. In 1776, the war in which the American colonists fought England (France helped the colonists) Revolutionary War

123. U.S.A. vs. England (again) 2 nd American Revolution War of 1812

124. Name of land Thomas Jefferson purchased from France (Napoleon) Louisiana Purchase

125. Scientific expedition from Mississippi River to Pacific Ocean to map the Louisiana Purchase Lewis & Clark Expedition

126. A time when there was only one political party was called the...

127. The Indians were moved from the south to Oklahoma along the Trail of Tears

128. The belief that it was America’s right and destiny to own the land from the Atlantic to the Pacific was...

129. The U.S. defeated Mexico and got land from Texas to California in this war Mexican War

130. * The U.S. fought the Spanish in this war * A short war (fought in Cuba) started fueled by yellow journalism/muckrakers Spanish American War

131. Woodrow Wilson was President during this war World War I The trenches

132. During this time, there was widespread unemployment. The crash of the stock market signaled the start of ______________________ The Great Depression

133. The killing of the Jews in WWII in Germany Holocaust

134. The event where colonists threw tea into the harbor over taxes Boston Tea Party

135. 1 st shots of American Revolution were fired here “the shot heard around the world” Lexington & Concord

136. 1 st Battle of American Revolution (after war was declared) Bunker Hill

137. Andrew Jackson defeated the British Battle fought after the War of 1812 was over Battle of ______________ New Orleans

138. Yankee general who destroyed everything from Atlanta to Atlantic Ocean (Civil War) William T. Sherman: Sherman’s “March to the Sea”

139. Man associated with Jamestown * Tobacco * No Work – no food John Smith

140. King of England during American Revolution George III

141. Leader of Boston’s Sons of Liberty Samuel Adams

142. Commander of Continental Army 1 st President of the USA George Washington

143. Said “Federal government has MOST power” Federalists Alexander Hamilton

144. President who said, “States government have most power” Was for States’ Rights Thomas Jefferson

145. Patrick Henry Give me liberty or give me death! Who said it?

146. British General who surrendered to Washington at Yorktown General _____________Cornwallis

147. Dictator of France Sold Louisiana to USA for $15 million Napoleon

148. 5 th President of the USA Ran Unopposed Era of Good Feelings James Monroe

149. ____________ invented the cotton gin, as well as interchangeable parts for guns Eli Whitney

150. The steam boat was invented by ________________ Robert Fulton

151. Developed the “American System” of better roads Bank of U.S. Protective Tariff Henry Clay

152. Wrote “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” Harriett Beecher Stowe

153. He published the anti-slavery newspaper called the “Liberator” He ran the anti- slavery movement William Lloyd Garrison

154. Woman involved in the movement to help mental patients and make sure they were treated fairly Dorothea Dix

155. A former slave Frederick Douglas He published “North Star” newspaper

156. A former female slave & traveling speaker after emancipation Sojourner Truth

157. This woman was associated with the Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman

158. This man was associated with “Free Public Education” Horace Mann

159. The man responsible for the founding of Mobile, AL Iberville LeMoyne Mobile

160. Serbian who assassinated the Archduke of Austria-Hungary, starting World War I Gavrilo Princip

161. Who wrote The Scarlet Letter? Nathaniel Hawthorne

162. Who wrote The Grapes of Wrath? John Steinbeck

163. Who wrote The Old Man and the Sea? Ernest Hemmingway

164. Who wrote The Sun Also Rises? Ernest Hemmingway

165. Who wrote The Great Gatsby? F. Scott Fitzgerald

166. Who wrote The Raven? Edgar Allen Poe

167. Who wrote The Last of the Mohicans? James Fennimore Cooper

168. The attempt by John Adams to keep Federalists in control during Jefferson administration Midnight Appointments

169. An American foreign policy opposing interference in the Western Hemisphere from outside powers Monroe Doctrine

170. U.S. program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (named after George C. Marshall) Marshall Plan

171. The Italian immigrants accused of payroll robbery during the Red Scare Sacco and Vanzetti

172. This would allow trade with China and keep the nation from being divided Open Door Policy

173. Time after WWI when people in the U.S. were afraid the Communists would take over Red Scare

174. Journalist Muckraker Ida Tarbell

175. Political party that wanted government ownership of the transportation industry and free coinage of silver, direct election of Senators and the graduated income tax Populist Party

176. The period of rebuilding the South after the Civil War Reconstruction

177. ________ towns sprang up overnight, usually around gold mines. Boom

178. The _______________________ ended the Missouri Compromise, created the Fugitive Slave Act, admitted California as a FREE state

179. Lincoln’s speech to dedicate a cemetery Gettysburg Address

180. A cause of the “Dust Bowl” was _______________________ drought (lack of rain)

181. The goal of Lincoln’s presidency was to ______________________ preserve the Union

182. The practice of commercialism based on the buildup of gold or silver bullion Mercantilism

183. Teddy Roosevelt and the _____________le d the charge up San Juan Hill during Spanish American War Rough Riders

184. Period of reform in the 1800s that saw the beginnings of the prohibition movement, suffrage, muckrakers and economic reform Progressive Era

185. _______________ journalism exaggerates stories to attract readers to the newspapers Yellow

186. Young women who showed disdain for appropriate dress and behavior during the 1920’s Flappers

187. Law requiring appropriate imprisonment Suspended by Lincoln during Civil War Habeas Corpus

188. This Alabama city grew up around the iron and steel industry Birmingham, AL

189. This Alabama city is noted for its shipping industry Mobile, AL

190. Concentration camp during WWII when Hitler was killing Jews (during Holocaust) Auschwitz

191. Court case Sued Vanderbilt for using waterways where there was a monopoly Vanderbilt won in Supreme Court (New York)

192. _____________ki lled Alexander Hamilton in a duel Aaron Burr

193. Court case: Gave Congress the power to create a bank and stated Maryland had no power to tax it

194. Dressed as a black man in minstrel shows Jim Crow

195. This gave 160 acres of land to those who would settle it for 5 years and improve it Homestead Act

196. Rich American from Scotland who gave money to create libraries and colleges Andrew Carnegie

197. At one time ___________________ was the richest man in America who made his money from the shipping industry. Cornelius Vanderbilt