1. Unit 22 Environmental Protection

2. Teaching Contents I. 背景介绍 Get to know the earth II. 词汇精讲 III. 补充阅读 IV. 拓展训练

3. Background knowledge: What do you know about the earth? 1. Formed ~4.6 billion years ago 2.The third planet from the Sun 3. The fifth largest planet 4. The only planet known to harbor life 5. Mostly covered in water 6. Has four distinct seasons 7. Has an atmosphere that sustains life 8. Has a magnetic field …

4. The astounding facts 1. Every year, 14 million children under the age of five die of unnecessary causes, mostly from disease, in the developing world. 2 ． In the world today, approximately 128 million children do not attend school, mostly because there is no school to attend. 3. Every day 40,000 children die from preventable diseases. 4. The human population of the world is expected to be nearly tripled by the year 2100. 5. Every day 50 to 100 species of plants and animals become extinct as their habitat and human influences destroy them.

5. How many environmental problems, effects and disasters do you know? acid rain, climate change, water/air/noise/land pollution, natural disasters, global warming, the greenhouse effect, population growth,endangered animals, overfishing, poverty, overhunting, …

6. Can you name one of the natural disasters? lightning( 闪电 ) thunderstormhurricane 飓风 tornado 龙卷风 typhoon 台风 cyclone 暴风 tsunami( 海啸 ) glaciers 冰河 floods mudslide( 泥石流 )blizzard( 暴风雪 ) avalanche( 雪崩 ) volcanic eruption earthquake aftershock( 余震 ) Landslide 山崩 heat wave forest fires drought 干旱 …

7. Consequences of Global Warming 1. Ice Sheets Melting (Melting Glaciers) 2. Rise in Sea Levels 3. droughts in certain area 4. Increase in Hurricanes 5. Wildlife goes extinct 6. Effects on humans

8. Possible Solutions to Global Warming Conservation （保护） –Reduce energy needs –Reuse –Recycling Alternate energy sources –Nuclear –Wind –Geothermal( 地热的 ) –Hydroelectric( 水力发电的 ) –Solar –Fusion( 核聚变，合并 )?

9. Endangered species It is reported that 75 species are extinct every day, and 3 every hour.

10. Why are Animals Endangered?  Natural Causes  Human-Induced （引起） Causes

11. Why are Animals Endangered? Natural Catastrophes  Earthquakes  Volcanoes  Climatic changes  Forest fires  Severe weather Natural Causes

12. Why are Animals Endangered? Natural Causes: Failure to Adapt  Survival of the fittest  Inability to compete for food  Inability to compete for territory  Failure to protect the young Disease

13. Why are Animals Endangered? Human-Induced Causes: Loss of Habitat  Human over population  Human need for housing, industry, farming, cities

14. Why are Animals Endangered? Break in the Food Chain  Food competition Human Induced Causes: All living things are connected to each other. It is like a web. When we remove anything in nature, something else is affected.

15. Why are Animals Endangered? Human Induced Causes: Hunting and Trapping  Illegal poaching （偷猎） for fur, tusk （象牙）, and body parts  Trapped for zoos

16. Why are Animals Endangered? Human Induced Causes: Pollution  Litter  Contaminated water  Pesticides （杀虫剂）

17. Solutions: what can we do in our daily life? Cut your electricity bills Lighting: 1. Use the minimum number of lights. 2. Use sunlight as much as possible. 3. Use energy-saving bulbs 4. Keep bulbs clean. 5. Turn off lighting if it is not needed.

18. Air conditioner: 1. Avoid installing your air-conditioner in direct sunlight. 2. Draw curtains to keep the sunlight out. 3. Pre-set air-conditioner to 25 ° C which is a comfortable energy efficient temperature. 4. At night, set your air-conditioner to "low cool" and use the timer to switch it off about one hour before you wake up. 5. Use fan instead of air conditioner as often as possible.

19. Fridge: 1. Make sure your fridge is in a cool place away from direct sunlight. 2. Allow hot food to cool before placing it in the fridge. 3. Don't over-crowd your fridge's shelves. 4. Empty and switch off your fridge if going on a long vacation. 5. Try not to open and close the fridge too often.

20. Cut your water bills 1. Take a shower instead of a bath. 2. A low-flow shower head also saves water and heating energy. 3. Remember to turn off the taps after use. 4. Water can be used again. Use the water to wash the floor after bathing. 5. Adjust the flushing water to a minimum required level.

21. Cut your transportation bills 1. Use public transport. Walk or ride a bicycle whenever you can. 2. Try to form a car pool when travelling with your friends or colleagues. 3. Think before buying a car. 4. If you drive a car, avoid peak time. 5. If you drive at high speed, close windows.

22. CUT DOWN ON UNNECESSARY WASTE Cut your paper bills 1. Cut down on gift wrapping paper. 2. Use less plastic bags and use durable bags or baskets. 3. Reuse envelopes. 4. Avoid using paper cups. 5. Use double-side print

23. Vocabulary 汉译英 1. 巧合 n. c______ 2. 回收利用 vt./n. r ______ 3. 偶尔 adv. o ______ 4. 潜在的 adj.; 潜力 n. p ______ 5. 有关的，切题的 adj. r ______ 6. 适当的，恰当的 adj. a ______ 7. 壮观的，雄伟的 adj. s ______ 6. 暂停，中止 vt.s ______

24. Vocabulary 汉译英 1. 巧合 n. coincidence 2. 回收利用 vt./n. recycle 3. 偶尔 adv. occasionally 4. 潜在的 adj.; 潜力 n. potential 5. 有关的，切题的 adj. relevant 6. 适当的，恰当的 adj. appropriate 7. 壮观的，雄伟的 adj. spectacular 6. 暂停，中止 vt.suspend

25. 词性变换 1.ecology n. _______ adj. 生态学的 2.mountain n. _______ adj. 多山的，巨大的 3.sink v. _______ adj. 不会下沉的 4.danger n. _______ vt. 危及 5.consult v. _______ n. 顾问 6.finance n./vt. _______ adj. 财政的，金融的

26. 词性变换 1.ecology n.ecological adj. 生态学的 2.mountain n.mountainous adj. 多山的，巨大的 3.sink v.unsinkable adj. 不会下沉的 4.danger n. endanger vt. 危及 5.consult v.consultant n. 顾问 6.finance n./vt. financial adj. 财政的，金融的

27. 词组： 1.____ risk 有危险 2.____ control 无法控制 3.speed ____ 加速 4.refer ____ 提及，暗指，针对，查阅 5.lead ____ 引起，导致 6.____ from 除此以外 7.on ____ of 为了 … 的利益 8.answer ____ 对 … 负责

28. 词组： 1.at risk 有危险 2.beyond control 无法控制 3.speed up 加速 4. refer to 提及，暗指，针对，查阅 5.lead to 引起，导致 6.apart from 除此以外 7.on behalf of 为了 … 的利益 8.answer for 对 … 负责

29. 精讲词汇 nature 1.It is not in his ~ to be unkind. 2.She is very sensitive by ~. 3.Murder is a crime against ~.( 有违天性 ) 4.His request was in the nature of a command( 与 … 类似 ). 5.In the ~ of things( 理所当然的 ), young people often rebel against their parents. human ~ 人性； nature reserve 自然保护区

30. warn v. 1.I tried to ~ him, but he wouldn’t listen. 2.She was ~ed that if she did it again she would lose her job. 3.The guidebook ~s against walking alone at night. 4.He ~ed Billy to keep away from his daughter. 5.The farmer ~ed us off his land when we tried to camp there. 6.Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish caught in the river. 7.The bridge collapsed without any warning. 8.Warning bells began to ring( 不祥之兆 ) when her letters were returned unopened.

31. result n. 1.She died as a ~ of her injuries. 2.The failure of the company was a direct ~ of bad management. 3.The farm was flooded, with the result that most of the harvest was lost. 4.The book is the ~ of 25 years of research. 5.His request was rejected; as a result, he chose to leave. v. 6. The accident resulted in the death of two people. 7. Job losses result from changes in production.

32. mind n. 1. When I saw the exam questions, my mind went blank. 2. Please keep my advice in mind and never forget it. 3. You’re lending them money? You must be out of your mind! 4. Do you have anyone in mind for this job? 5. Painting helped taking her mind off her troubles. v. 1. I’d like to ask you a few questions, if you don’t mind. 2. That color doesn’t suit you, if you don’t mind my saying so. mind your language; mind your own business

33. release v. 1.Firefighters took two hours to ~ the driver from the wreckage.( 释放，营救 ) 2.He refused to ~ his arm.( 松开 ) 3.She burst into tears, releasing all her emotions. 4.The new law ~d employers from their obligation to recognize unions.( 免除 ) 5.You need to ~ the tension in the shoulder muscles. ( 放松 ) 6.Police have ~d no further details about the accident.( 公布 ) n. 7. She can expect an early ~ from prison. 8. The new software is planned for~ in April.

34. 补充阅读： The history of earth day In 1963, former Senator Gaylord Nelson in America began to worry about our planet. He knew that our world was getting dirty and that many of our plants and animals were dying. He wondered why more people weren't trying to solve these problems. Then, in 1969, Senator Nelson had another idea. He decided to have a special day to teach everyone about the things that needed changing in our environment. He wrote letters to all of the colleges and put a special article in Scholastic Magazine to tell them about the special day he had planned. On April 22, 1970, the first Earth Day was held. People all over the country made promises to help the environment. Everyone got involved and since then, Earth Day has spread all over the planet. People all over the world know that there are problems we need to work on and this is our special day to look at the planet and see what needs changing. Isn't it great?

35. 扩展训练 1. The key to _____ the wheels of educational reform is _____ conceptions of education. A. speed up, to renew B. speeding up, to renewing C. speeding up, to renewD. speed up, to renewing 2. As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only ______. A. occasionally B. anxiouslyC. practically D. urgently 3.—Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management? —If you make ____ most of the equipment, there will be ____ rise in production. A. 不填；不填 B. the ； a C. 不填； a D. the ；不填 4. A survey was carried on the college students’ learning techniques, _____ was very upsetting. A. Its result B. as a result C. the result of which D. as a result of which 5. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics ， which_______ will promote its economic development. A. in nature B. in return C. in turn D. in fact

36. Homework: 6. Violent programs on TV may have a bad ______ on children. A. pressure B. influence C. power D. control 7. Organic farming also ______crop growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers. A. refers to B. refer on C. refers with D. refer at 8. the weather, the sports meet will be held on time. A. In favor of B. Regardless of C. Apart from D. Due to

37. KEY: 1-5 CABCC 6-8 ？？？

38. That’s all for today, and see you next time!