1. Warm-up 4/22/15 Take out your Study Guides!! Review for 10 minutes Target TEST TIME! 1

2. Diagram 1 Diagram 2 Diagram 3 Diagram 4 Diagram 5 Diagram 6 Diagram 7 Diagram 8

3. 3 THE SOLAR SYSTEM 3 \

4. Origin of the Solar System Our solar system formed 4.6 billion years ago. Would you believe me if I told you it formed from a large cloud of dust and gas? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uhy1fucSRQI

5. The Nebular Theory Nebular Theory- solar system formed from a rotating cloud of dust and gas. Solar nebula- a large, thin cloud of dust and gas. –Formed from material expelled by previous stars.

6. The Nebular Theory (A): –Nebula began with slight rotation… –As the cloud contracted, it began to spin faster… –More gravitational attraction between particles (dust)… –Nebula shrinks, accelerating the process.

7. The Nebular Theory (B): –Solar nebula rotates faster… –Begins to flatten out… –Over 100,000 yrs a protoplanetary disk formed (looks like a giant fried egg)… –The disk was densest in the center and thinner toward the edges.

8. The Nebular Theory (C): –About 99.9 % of the mass became concentrated at the center (egg yolk)… –This became our sun. At this time our sun was a few million degrees!

9. The Nebular Theory (D): –Dust grains are colliding… –Weak forces hold them together… –Forming loose balls of dust… –As these balls of dust collided they grew larger… –…formed planetesimals.

10. The Nebular Theory (D): –Planetesimals (asteroid like bodies that eventually combined to form planets) grew by accretion (process of adding mass by colliding with other planetesimals)…

11. Protoplanets Once they grew large enough they had a gravitational force… Attracted more material… Became larger… Now protoplanets… Protoplanets formed current planets in a series of violent collisions.

12. E.Terrestrial Planets Terrestrial planets- Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. –Small, and rocky planets. Why aren’t they as large as the gas giants? –Answer- it was too hot near the sun, and much of the material couldn’t condense… –…not until it got farther from the sun.

13. E. Gas/Ice Giants Ice forming materials (water, ammonia, methane, etc.) condensed farther away from the sun (it’s colder) As these planets grew, gravity increased, and these planets captured Hydrogen (H) and Helium (He) from space…grew even larger!!

14. 14 How many planets do we have in our Solar System? List them. 14 Can you come up with saying to help you remember the order??

15. Warm-up 4/24/15 1. Describe the Nebular Theory and how our Solar System was formed. 2. List the 8 planets that make up our Solar System. 15

16. Clay Model of the Solar System

17. Solar System (Sizes to scale)

18. Bellwork 4/27/15 18 On Your Desk: 1.PRIDE Card 2.I.N. 3.Pen/Pencil 1.Which planet is the largest in size? Jupiter is the largest planet. 2. Which planet is the smallest in size? Mercury is the smallest planet. 3. List the rocky planets. Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are the 4 rocky planets.

19. Planet Brochure 19

20. Warm-up 4/28/15 1. How many planets away from the SUN is your planet (or object in the solar system)? 2. How many planets away from the EARTH is your planet (or object in the solar system)? 20 On Your Desk: 1.PRIDE Card 2.I.N. 3.Pen/Pencil

21. Planet Brochure 21 Day 1: Research *Cite your sources Day 2: Rough Draft Day 3/4: Final Draft **Due Thursday!!!

22. Warm-up 4/29/15 1. List two amazing things you learned about your planet!! 22 On Your Desk: 1.PRIDE Card 2.I.N. 3.Pen/Pencil 4.Rough Draft

23. 23 SONGS!!! Planets Around a Star: http://www.cleanvideosearch. com/media/action/yt/watch?v =nQfJ7j2UGGk Planets Song: http://www.cleanvideosearch. com/media/action/yt/watch?v =GH61v4_eVNA http://www.cleanvideosearch. com/media/action/yt/watch?v =GH61v4_eVNA

24. 24 Use Chapter 4: Section 5 to discover the differences! -Create “Flip” Cards for each vocabulary term

25. Measurements Light Year: distance that light travels in a year –Used for measurements within our galaxy –5.88 trillion miles in a year 1 light year equals 63,000 AU AU: Astronomical Unit –Used for measurements within our solar system –Distance from Earth to Sun 1 AU equals 93,000,000 miles

26. Inner solar system… Consists of: –Sun –Mercury –Venus –Earth Moon –Mars –Asteroid belt Ceres –Other debris Asteroids

27. Sun Contains 99.8% of all the mass of the solar system Only star in our solar system 865,000 miles in diameter

28. Mercury Closest planet to the sun The smallest of the 8 planets 2 nd hottest planet Very rocky… like Earth No stable atmosphere

29. View from Mariner 10 (1974) of Mercury

30. View from Messenger (2008) of Mercury

31. Venus 2 nd closest planet to the sun Hottest planet –Reach 860 degrees Fahrenheit Dense atmosphere –Mainly Carbon Dioxide –Greenhouse effect Why its so hot! Sister planet

32. Hot, rocky surface of Venus

33. Clouds of Venus

34. Mars 4 th planet from the sun –After Earth Atmosphere mainly Carbon Dioxide Polar ice caps –Frozen water Used to have liquid water in the past

35. Mars surface

36. Olympus Mons is the largest mountain in the solar system

37. Asteroid belt Rocks that never clumped together to form a planet Proto-planet –Ceres Can sometimes make way into inner solar system

38. Gaspra- Asteroid found in the Asteroid belt (1991)

39. Outer solar system… Consists of: –Jupiter –Saturn –Uranus –Neptune –Kuiper belt Pluto –Scattered disc Eris

40. Jupiter Largest planet in solar system Mainly Hydrogen and Helium –Enough gravity to hold onto these light elements Not rocky… Gas giant Has 63 moons… 47 of which are named

41. Is Jupiter large?

42. Hurricane the size of Earth

43. Saturn 2 nd largest planet Known for its rings  debris orbiting the planet Very similar to Jupiter One of its moons, Titan, is larger than Mercury… and is the only moon to possess an atmosphere

44. Is Saturn large?

45. Voyager image of Saturn’s rings

46. Uranus 7 th planet from the sun Completely tilted on its axis –97.77 degrees Winds can reach up to 560 mph Many poisonous gases in the atmosphere

47. Neptune Farthest planet from the sun Fastest winds in the solar system –1300 mph Methane atmosphere Dark spots are huge hurricanes

48. Kuiper belt This is where Pluto is found Similar to the asteroid belt –Contains debris that didn’t become part of a planet

49. Largest objects found in the Kuiper belt

50. Put it all together… Mercury-Venus-Earth-Mars-Asteroid belt-Jupiter-Saturn-Uranus-Neptune-Kuiper belt (Pluto)-Scattered disc (Eris)

51. 51

52. Warm-up 4/17/13 How many moons does Venus have? 0! How many moons does Saturn have? 60! Why such a great difference? Larger planets have a greater gravitational force. 52

53. 53