1. Museum Entrance Ideas, Beliefs, and Culture Work, Exchange, and Technology Politics & Power Peopling & Environment Welcome to the Museum of 1840-1877(Period 5) Curator’s Offices America and the World & Identity 23 CONTENT

2. Curator’s Office With the developments of the civil war, and the immense social, political, and economic change that occurred through this time period, it is easy to see how it affected the future eras and movements, like the progressive era, and the civil rights movement. For example, the end of slavery eventually led to a stronger push for more african american freedoms, like the right to vote and the desegregation of public transportation and schools, among other things. In regards to the progressive era, the corruption and poverty of the gilded age angered people, which eventually led to a strong push for progressive legislation by progressive activists. Emily Eastman, Kira Lauring, Ben Paulis, Maddy Pekosz, Noah Schweitzer Return to Entry

3. Room 1 Return to Entry Ideas, Beliefs, and Culture Abolition Manifest Destiny Nativism Westward Expansion& Slavery Immigration Secularize Social Darwinism Protestant values Racism Reconstruction

4. Room 2 Return to Entry Work, Exchange, and Technology 7 Industrialization Railroads Sharecropping Cashcrops Factories Western exchange Exodusters Less Farming Iron-Clad Ships Low wages

5. Room 3 Return to Entry Peopling & Environment and Geography Conflict Violence Reconstruction Location Militarism Restoration Division Freedom Riots Migration

6. Room 4 Return to Entry Politics & Power Corruption Reconstructio n Regionalism Monopolies Compromise Partisanship Impeachment Robber barons War Free vs Slave Civil Liberty

7. Room 5 Return to Entry Identity & America in the World 1 Emancipation Discrimination Expansion Separation Acquisition Racism Advancement Freedom Secession Strengthening

8. 1- This artifact shows the common belief regarding expansion during this time period known as Manifest Destiny, which entailed conquering all of the new western land in America. While many Indians lived on this land americans believed it was their “destiny” to take over this land, often citing god as endorsing them. 2- (interpretation)http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/essays/1801- 1900/manifest-destiny/the-components-of-manifest- destiny.php America was destined by god to expand its territory, regardless of borders that would contain it [Mexico or Canada]. 3- (Comparison) This idea of taking others land is similar to period 2 when settlers took native Americans land without any compensation. In fact most of the Indians that survived this first invasion retreated to the western half of the country, only to have their territory stolen again. Return to Exhibit Manifest Destiny was the dominating belief during this time period regarding expansion Historical context- Americans believed that it was their “god-given right” to conquer new territories, hence the settlers being guided by an angle in this image Purpose- The artist behind this image was trying to emphasize the religious aspect of Manifest Destiny by placing the guiding angle directly in the center, and as the largest part of the image Perspective- The artist believed that the idea of Manifest Destiny was benefical, as depicted in the image through the conquered lands being bright and cheerful, and the unconquered a dark and dangerous unknown.

9. Audience- Critics of Radical Republicans and the methods they would use to achieve their goals. Purpose- To explain that Radical Republicans truly had the same ultimate goals of Lincoln and his administration in regards to slavery and racial justice. Historical Context- There was a debate on how to treat the confederate states with respect to letting them back into the USA, radical republicans believed they should thoroughly change their beliefs and undo their wrongs to become a state again. 1 - With Licolns emancipation proclamation freeing all slaves, and the pro-slavery south losing the war there was a lot of question with how to treat southern states and newly freed African Americans. The radical republicans believed that blacks were entitled to completely equal rights for blacks and whites, and wanted to set very high standards to let southern states back into the union 2- (historical causation) This attempt at strict enforcement by the radical repulicans t made the southern states even more reluctant to change their behaviors which lead to the practice sharecropping. This was essentially the same as slavery but one party didnt own the other, the former slave became economically dependent on their prior master making it very difficult to succeed in the newly free US. 3- (Comparison) The ideals of radical republicanism were very similar to those of the civil rights movement in the mid 20th century. Both groups were aimed at completely equal opportunities for blacks in america. Return to Exhibit Radical Republicans held the belief that blacks should be completely equal to all whites.

10. HIstorical context- Some groups of people in america, mainly wealthier ones, thought that immigrants were a threat to the national economy and security. Purpose- The purpose behind this cartoon is to show that anti-immigrant groups were hipocritical because they too had ancestors that immigrated to america as seen in their shadows of disgruntled travelers. Perspective- The artist was anti-anti-immigrant; which you can tell from the way he depicts the anti-immigrant men as snooty men in suits. Additionally he highlights the flaw in their reasoning, hypocrisy, with their shadows. 1- The idea of nativism, or anti-immigration, peaked during this time period because of the mass influx of immigrants from western Europe. One of the causes of this was a massive famine occurring in Ireland, families had no choice but to move or starve. 2- (Historical causation) Nativist beliefs during this time period lead to the creation of the Know-Nothing party, a group that was both anti-immigrant and anti- roman catholic (Irish religion). Although no one in this party would outwardly admit they were a member if lead to a significant amount of social discrimination. 3- (Comparison) This is similar to after the bombing of pearl harbor by the Japanese a significant level of anti-Japanese sentiments arose. During both periods a group was alienated because others saw them as a threat to peaceful United States life. Return to Exhibit Nativism was the belief that immigrants should not be allowed into the country

11. Historical Context- Many other countries had abolished slavery at this time, and it was an extremely hot topic in america at this time. Audience- Those who were either against or indecisive about the abolition of slavery. The picture poses the question “Am i not a man and a brother?” which the answer to is clearly yes, making those against abolition feel guilty of dehumanizing an innocent man. Purpose- To draw attention to what people against abolition are saying about slaves: that they are not humans. This is meant impose a sense of guilt on anti- abolition viewers. 1- The monumental event during this period was the civil war, which was completely driven by pro vs anti-slavery disagreements. So abolitionist ideas were the entire premise behind the civil war and other racial changes happening in this time period. 2- (Historical Causation) The divide between the North and South on the idea of slavery and abolition was what essentially caused the civil war. The civil war hurt the american economy and caused more than half a million american deaths. 3- (Comparison) This is similar to labor unions, during periods six and seven, that advocated for a better quality work environment. They similarly wanted workers to be treated humanely and have ample opportunities for success, which is similar to the goals of abolitionists for slaves. Return to Exhibit Abolition of slavery was the driving belief in the civil war and leading up to it in this time period

12. Historical Content: The image displays women working in a textile mill, one of the first factories developed in America. Purpose: The purpose of this image is to portray the business of an early textile mill, as the image shows hundreds of women working side-by-side. Point of View: The POV is most likely a man from the North watching over his workers in the factory. 1: Women and little kids began to work in the factories as manufacturing developed in the North. The North became a manufacturing society as the textile mill developed. 2: (Causation) Because the North did not have an agrarian economy, they would not care as much if slavery was abolished. Because they had no binding commitment to continue slavery, the abolition movement grew in the North. 3: (Comparison) World War I saw women in the manufacturing workplaces, as the men were off fighting in the war. During the 1800’s, women dominated the manufacturing workplace, as it was mainly in the textile mills. Return to Exhibit Manufacturing lead to a new era

13. Historical Content: Blacks that have recently moved West are now working on one of the several railroads being developed during this time period. Purpose: The purpose is to display life out West, as the picture shows the desolate West and the hard workers. Why: During the reconstruction era, blacks migrated out of the South to find other jobs, and one of the main jobs they could obtain was working on the railroads out West. 1: The West was still expanding even after the civil war, with railroads leading the ways. The main workers on the railroads were Irish and Chinese immigrants, or African Americans. The workers moved West in search of jobs, especially as more and more African Americans were freed. 2: (Causation) The freedom of slaves during the era of reconstruction saw many blacks move West for jobs. Instead of sharecropping in which the man is practically a slave, many would move to the West to build the railroad. These blacks were called Exodusters. 3: (Comparison) The development of the railroad was similar to President Eisenhower’s Interstate Highway Act of 1956, as it changed the demographics in America. The railroads allowed expansion westwards, while the highways allowed for suburbanization. Return to Exhibit Railroads created a large number of jobs and aided in trade

14. Historical Content: Black family is working as sharecroppers: getting part of the profit from the crops, but just enough to pay rent for their land given by the owners. Purpose: The purpose is to display that although slavery became illegal, sharecropping treated blacks very similarly, as the blacks worked long hours for practically no wage. Why: After slavery became illegal, blacks needed to find a job. While some migrated North and West in hopes for a new life and job, most stayed in the South to work as sharecroppers. 1: After all slaves were free, the southern plantation owners still needed cheap labor. The owners used a system of sharecropping, where the blacks were given a share of the crops on the land if they worked for the owners. The blacks never made enough money or crops to be self-dependant, though. 2: (interpretation) http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by- era/reconstruction/resources/sharecropper-contract- 1867 This is an example of a contract the black families would sign to become a sharecropper. http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by- era/reconstruction/resources/sharecropper-contract- 1867 3: (Comparison) Sharecropping is similar to indentured servants, as there is no real way out of the impoverished lifestyle. Indentured servants served their time on the plantations, and then had no where else to go, so they would end up working on the plantation again. Similarly, the blacks would end up having to work on the farm again, having nowhere else to turn for a job. Return to Exhibit After slaves were freed the practice of sharecopping emerged in the South

15. Historical context: Carpetbaggers moved south during Reconstruction to take advantage of the shaky Southern economy and make money Audience: people in both the north and south, people in the north to disparage the carpetbaggers, people in the south to show how they were being taken advantage of Perspective: This political cartoon and the word carpetbagger both have negative connotations. They both portray carpetbaggers negatively, as misers who are taking advantage of the South for their own personal benefit 1 (context) Carpetbaggers were Northerners who moved south after the Civil War to try and profit from the instability in the region. Carpetbaggers were wealthy businessmen who bought land and hired sharecroppers to work for them. 2 (causation) Carpetbaggers moved to the south because of the economic ruin and instability of the south after the Civil War. Sherman’s March to the Sea and burning and destruction of many southern towns, combined with more of a shift in the American economy toward industrialization, led to turmoil in the South. Carpetbaggers were simply attempting to take advantage and make a profit 3 (comparison) carpetbaggers are similar to people who migrated west throughout the earlier portions of american history. They were both groups of people who saw an economic opportunity in a different part of the nation, and took advantage of it. America was founded on the principle of expansion and making a profit Return to Exhibit Carpetbaggers are relevant to the theme of work and exchange by moving to south in order to make a profit.

16. Historical Context-with the end of slavery, african americans were free to leave the area where they were once enslaved, and wanted to escape the areas that were highly populated with white people Purpose-to show the demographic changes of the US after the civil war due to the end of slavery, and the freedom of african americans to move wherever they wanted Why is this important-the end of slavery meant that population of the US could move more freely and expand throughout North America 1:Movement trends of African Americans in the US as a result of reconstruction 2: (Causation) With the end of the civil war, the implementation of policies like the Jim Crow Laws, lead to a very anti-black environment in the south. 3: (Synthesis) This is very similar to how many non spanish speaking residents of miami are being forced to relocate due to the inability to communicate with the local populace. Return to Exhibit African American migration 1840-1870

17. Historical context-at this time, there were still high tensions between the white and the black community, due to the extremely recent end of slavery. Audience-this was most likely aimed towards the citizens of the north who did not approve of the union presence in the south Purpose-to prove to those unhappy with the union military presence that it was necessary in order to keep the peace 1: Despite the end of the Civil War, and the End of Slavery, there was still much division between the blacks and whites in the south, which validated the union military presence in the south during reconstruction 2: (Causation) With the abrupt end of slavery, the blacks were not fond of their former white owners, and the whites still felt far superior to their former slaves. This caused a deep seated racial divide that caused much conflict. 3: (Synthesis) This racial clash can still be seen today, especially when looking at the current state of west baltimore, and how the people of the city are standing up for their rights. Return to Exhibit Racial division that validated reconstruction

18. Historical context-this drawing is from a time is history when there was a deep cultural divide between blacks and the whites all over the US, especially in the south Purpose-drawn in order to show how violent the interracial interactions were, and to depict the white people of the south as the antagonists POV-someone who was in support of the union military presence in the south, because without it, the african americans didn’t stand a chance 1:Racial tensions between whites and newly freed blacks lead to many violent interactions like this one, but also included practices such as lynching. This was not uncommon for those people african american residents who decided not to emigrate to a different part of the country after emancipation. 2: (Causation) Whites in the south were very unhappy with the outcome of the civil war, as well as with the release of all of their slaves, so that created a source of tension, that could only be expressed through violence. 3: (Comparison) Violent interactions like this one where a large group of people gang up on a singular minority were very similar to the tarring and feathering of loyalists during the time of the American Revolution. Return to Exhibit Violent Interaction Between Races in the South

19. Historical Context-in post civil war america there was a high number of union troops in the south which in order to restore peace to the union. Purpose-to display how how the percentage of the african american community in post civil war america affected the number of union troops in a particular southern state. Why is this important-it shows how the union dispatched more troops to the areas where african americans were more of a minority, so they could be better protected. 1:The way that the union appropriated its troops during reconstruction, was so that they could better protect the african american minority 2: (Causation) This was mainly caused by a need to restore peace in the union, and that could not be achieved if there was continued violent conflict between the blacks and the whites of a particular area. 3: (Comparison) This is similar to how the US still has troops stationed in Korea, in order to ensure a continued sense of militarily forced peace between North and South Korea. Return to Exhibit Comparison of Union Presence to African American Population

20. POV: Pro-Abe Lincoln (10% Majority support) as he portrays Lincoln as being inhibited from saving the Union. Historical Context: The disagreements in the federal government about reconstruction led to partisan conflict and fruitless reconstruction. Audience: Newspaper readers as this was a cartoon. It was probably in the North because it was pro-reconstruction but also a supporter of Lincoln. 1: After the Civil War, the government wasn’t decisive on Reconstruction strategies. Congress (Radical Republicans), Lincoln, and Johnson all had opposing plans on how to solve problems left after the Civil War. They were unsure how to reunite the North and South and what to do with all of the free blacks. 2: (Causation) Reconstruction debates caused public outrage in both the North and South. Southerners still considered themselves separate and did not change their racial beliefs. These spats over reconstruction’s failure to bring the nation back together led to the Compromise of 1877 with the election of Rutherford B. Hayes in 1878. This led to the end of reconstruction. 3: (Comparison) The South remained completely backward as a response to the end of reconstruction. They instituted a sharecropping system that essentially looped blacks back into slavery. The North remained pretty much out of South civil rights problems until the Civil Rights Movement began. THis was caused by Northern humanitarian sentiments and public unrest in the South. This was a turning point for the South. Return to Exhibit Lincoln Vs. Johnson: Plans of Reconstruction

21. POV: Campaign for Abraham Lincoln and his vice president. Audience: Potential voters and opponents Purpose: To inform voters of his candidacy and persuade them to vote for Lincoln in the upcoming election. 1: Context: Lincoln, a lawyer, ran for president as a moderate on the subject of slavery. THis angered Southerners because he refused to take a stance on slavery. 2: Causation: The Election of Lincoln caused immediate Southern outrage and succession from the Union. This directly led to the civil war. Lincoln was a key component of the liberation of blacks and an influence on reconstruction after the war. 3: Synthesis: The election of Barack Obama angered the Southern (mainly republicans) and made many politicians swear against any chance of bipartisanship. This was similar to the Southern succession after the election of Lincoln. Return to Exhibit The Election of Abraham Lincoln and Southern Succession

22. Historical Context: Congress was irritated by President Johnsons aggressive nature toward them Purpose: They wanted to accomplish something, they wee stuck without agreement Audience: American citizens 1: Context: Johnson’s constant sparring with the Radical Republican congress sparked anger in Congress. Johnson removed anyone in office who opposed him. In order to get him impeached, Congress set up to trap him with the Tenure Act of 1867 when Johnson tried to remove Edward STanton. There was an impeachment hearing, but Johnson was not forced out of office. 2: Interpretation: http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/impeach/a rticles.html Shows all of Congress’ grievances against Andrew Johnson that lead up to his impeachment. 3: Synthesis: The only other impeachment of a president was Bill Clinton after he lied under oath about sexual affairs with a white house aide. Like Johnson, he was not impeached. Return to Exhibit Johnson Impeachment

23. POV: Anti-robber barons and critical of government corruption Audience: Common people and the government (he is critical of the government) Historical Context: Whiskey ring scandal of Grant’s administration 1: Context: The presidency of Grant was plagued by multiple political and economic scandals that he failed to prevent by robber barons, such as the WHiskey Ring and James Gould and James Fisk (Black Friday) 2: interpretation: http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2000/f all/whiskey-ring-1.html This link provides an in-depth look at the causation of the scandals during Grant’s presidency. 3: Synthesis: Economic corporate scandals of the 200s were very similar to the closely tied with government scandals of Grant’s presidency. Enron was a fake company that the government bought into, only to be exposed as a fraud later. These scandals are a long trend of public distrust in government that especially grew during the 20th century. Return to Exhibit Political Scandals in Gilded Age

24. Audience: American public, depicts the official purchase of Alaska for $7.2 million Purpose: Showed the American people that the U.S was becoming a more influential nation, even though they were still in a period of isolation. Why is it important? Major discoveries of gold were made there in the 1880s and 1890s. These discoveries brought attention and people to Alaska. Today, petroleum transported across the state through a pipeline is Alaska's richest mineral resource. 1:(Contextualization) Reactions to the purchase in the United States were mixed, with some opponents calling it "Seward's folly" while many others praised the move for weakening both Britain and Russia as rivals to American commercial expansion in the Pacific region. 2:(Interpretation) http://www.akhistorycourse.org/articles/article.p hp?artID=133 Because the US government was more concerned with Reconstruction after the CIvil war, the purchase of alaska was delayed in 1867, and did not take place until 1868. http://www.akhistorycourse.org/articles/article.p hp?artID=133 3:(Comparison) After the Spanish American War (1898-1901), the Treaty of Paris granted the United States Puerto Rico, and while the territory never became a state, People born there are American citizens. Return to Exhibit The purchase of Alaska marked the end of Russian efforts to expand trade and settlements to the Pacific coast of North America, and became an important step in the United States rise as a great power in the Asia-Pacific region

25. Historical context: After Lincoln’s election in the 1860 election, states began to declare their separation from the U.S, forming the Confederacy. Though Lincoln wanted to preserve the Union at first, he realized that the nation could not continue with such a divide. Audience: made so the people of the U.S would understand what was occurring; a fundamental shift was occurring Purpose: This document essentially emancipated slaves, but only in states still within the Union. Slaves in Confederate states were not emancipated until the war was over. 1:(Contextualization) During the Civil War, the two presidents, Lincoln and Davis, of the respective Union and Confederacy, stood for different ideals; when Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, he was even further alienating the South, and a centuries long establishment that defined southern culture was eliminated. 2:(Historical Causation) After the Civil War, all blacks enslaved in the South were free, but they did not immediately leave the plantations they had previously worked on. Oftentimes, they engaged in sharecropping, which only further bound them to the land they worked. 3:(Comparison) The Civil Rights movement gained traction in the 1950s and 1960s, and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, and sex, yet business owners insisted that Congress did not have the constitutional power to ban segregation, and many refused to abide by new rules. 3: Return to Exhibit The Emancipation Proclamation changed the dynamic of the United States during the Civil War; instead of the war being about only preserving the union, it was about freeing slaves.

26. Historical Context: Slaves did not have any formal education, and teaching a slave how to read or write was considered a crime in the South. These essential skills needed to be taught after slaved gained their freedom. Purpose: This document shows the conditions of a classroom teaching former slaves. In doing this, it promotes the importance of this education. Why is it Important? This program gave former slaves more opportunities outside of sharecropping and reentering contracts with their former owners. 1.(Contextualization) Slaves were not educated, and after emancipation, couldn’t function in the society. Those who didn’t enter sharecropping, and moved more north, sought education, which could be found with the Freedmen’s Bureau. 2.(Historical Causation) Some 4 million slaves gained their freedom as a result of the Union victory in the war, and they moved towards the freedom of the program, which left many communities in ruins and destroyed the South’s plantation-based economy. 3.(Synthesis) Today, schools around the country have specialized learning programs for immigrants or people who grew up speaking a language other than english. Integration into an english-based society is important for their prospects later in life, as it was important for former slaves to learn to read and write in order to enter American society as citizens. Return to Exhibit The U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, popularly known as the Freedmen’s Bureau, was established in 1865 by Congress to help former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the U.S. Civil War, and redefined a new demographic of citizens in the United States.

27. Audience; the outfits and garments worn by members of the KKK are meant to scare those who they dislike. This depiction shows early versions of masks used. Point of View: The KKK saw themselves as supreme, above foreigners and blacks. It’s this supremacy that gave them their perceived authority to attack African Americans. Why is it mportant? Though periods like slavery, which show the U.S in a very negative light, are difficult to overcome, the acts committed by the KKK were defining to the beginning of Reconstruction. These events made people aware of just how harmful these conditions can be. 1:(Contextualization) The dramatic change of social positions in the south was difficult for some to deal with, and white supremacists dealt with their loss of power with trying to restore pre-war positions of black inferiority. 2:(Historical Causation) The emancipation of slaves greatly impacted the economic, political, and social status quo of the south, and those whose positions were altered tried to revert back. The actions taken by groups like these were the responses to new citizens’ (14th amendment) acquisition of rights. 3:(Synthesis) Today, Organizations like the Westboro Baptist Church use hateful language and choose disrespectful times to promote their message of hate, using their platform of religion to do so, as the KKK did at the time. The KKK still exists today, and though it is not as public, it’s message still stands. Return to Exhibit The first wave of Ku Klux Klan sentiment began in the 1860s, and included lynching of former slaves, and violence against those with anti-slavery sympathies; their definition of purifying the United States defined a new American racism.

28. Historical Context: The period of time surrounding this era was very isolationist, but this movement to foreign relations for economic purposes marked a new impact of other nation’s situations on the U.S. Purpose: The U.S wanted to strengthen its economy, and China had many desired products. Japan’s involvement was a byproduct of the U.S’ Pacific ocean presence. Why is it Important? Due to Pacific Ocean involvement, the U.S. presence in Hawaii grew. Ultimately, this need became so great, and the U.S. presence so large, that the United States annexed the islands in 1898. 1:(Contextualization) The United States had boasted a long period of isolation, and had constantly tried to keep this ideology. But China was the source of the world’s most sought after goods, like silk, porcelain and tea, and gaining traction there would benefit the U.S economy greatly. 2:(Historical Causation) In order to gain a better relationship with China, Matthew Perry sailed to Japan. Opening diplomatic relations with Japan was a means to an end with China, but the opening of the Pacific islands to the U.S was very beneficial. 3:(Comparison) Before the United States entered World War II, they engaged in a cash-and-carry trade agreement with Great Britain. This policy allowed for allowed the sale of material to other nations, as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash, assuming all risk in transportation. This extended the U.S’ foreign involvement even before they entered WWII. Return to Exhibit Westward expansion of the United States during the 19th century was not limited to North America, but rather included an push to establish a stronger U.S. presence in and across the Pacific Ocean; driven mostly by commerce, this expansion had important implications for U.S. foreign policy.

29. Historical Content: Image displays the trade in the Compromise of 1877: North takes away their troops in the South and Rutherford Hayes of the Republican party would be elected president. Point of View: The POV is a cartoonist who supports the South and the Democratic party, as the person believes the North is forcing the people of the South into this unfair compromise. Why: This is an important event in history, as the Compromise of 1877 led to the end of the Reconstruction Era, and the beginning of modern America. Question 1: This image displays the end of the Reconstruction Era, which in turn allowed for the South to enact discriminating laws towards blacks. Also, the Compromise of 1877 signaled the start of modern America because the country is in “unity” without anymore violence. Question 2: (Interpretation) http://www.history.org/history/teaching/enewsletter/vol ume9/oct10/primsource.cfm This political cartoon depicts Southern sentiment at the time of the Compromise of 1877. Question 3: (Synthesis) The Compromise of 1877 is similar to the election of 2000 where there was controversy over whether or not Bush defeated Gore. In the election of 1876, the North accused the South of not allowing blacks to vote in the swing states, and in the 2000 election, the Democrats accused Florida of miscounting the votes in the swing-state of Florida. Return to Entrance Compromise of 1877

30. Context: This cartoon showed the relationship between Boss Tweed and the immigrants of New York. While the authorities are pushing him into jail, his immigrant beneficiaries are trying to help him out. Purpose: To show the diverse opinions of different groups regarding Boss Tweed Why: Boss tweed in jail marked the decline of big business domination of the government, because previously impervious bosses of political machines were finally being taken out of power. It marked a transition to the progressive era.. 1: Context: Boss Tweed was a boss and eventually Senator in NYC. He was a big business leader and was widely corrupt, stealing money straight from the city. However his philanthropy towards immigrants in NYC led to his popularity and successful campaigning. They allowed him to stay in power, along with no regulation from the government. 2: Interpretation: http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/burns/Unit_4_Cities /U4_Tammany_Hall_NYC.html Shows the perspective of political machines and how they stayed in power despite blatant corruption. 3: Synthesis: The jailing of Boss Tweed marked a thematic turning point in US History. Up until the end of the 1800s, the government was plagued by a gilded age of corruption that always sided with robber barons. After this, the progressive movement gained traction and the government took a more active and less laissez faire role in regulating big business. Return to Entrance Boss Tweed goes to Jail

31. -Causation: Explain the changes in perspective that lead to the abolitionist movement. To what degree were they successful. -Comparison: Compare and contrast expansion in the New World (1600s-1700s) with expansion in the mid 19th century. -Continuity and Change over time: Discuss the changing relationship between Americans and immigrants from 1840-1877 -Periodization: Some historians assert that the civil war was a turning point for American social justice. Support, modify, or refute this argument. -CC Expansion: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkdF8pOFUfI&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s&index=17 -CC Leading to civil war: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=roNmeOOJCDY&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s&index=18 -CC Civil War pt 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rY9zHNOjGrs&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s&index=20 -CC Civil War pt 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzTrKccmj_I&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s&index=22 -CC Reconstruction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nowsS7pMApI&index=23&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s -Reconstruction: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_reconstruct.html -Recon: http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/reconstruction -Expansion: http://www.history.com/topics/westward-expansion Return to Exhibit Content