1. Persuasive Speech
Speaking to Persuade

2. Understanding the Types of Persuasion
1. A question of fact concerns statements that can be seen as either true or false. You offer proof, but the audience determines whether you have convincingly proven that the statement is true.
Example: Recycling can (cannot) save local communities money.

3. Understanding the Types of Persuasion
2. A question of belief focuses on what is right or wrong, good or bad, moral or immoral. While you can not prove that a belief is true or false, you can supply convincing information to justify the belief.
Example: Small schools are (are not) better for most students than large schools.

4. Understanding the Types of Persuasion
3. A question of policy focuses on a particular action. You try to convince the audience to act on some policy or to agree that some policy should be changed.
Example: High school athletes should (should not) be required to maintain a B average in order to compete.

5. Using Persuasive Techniques
Applying logical reasoning
Building an argument that is based on reasons supported by evidence
Using reasons that explain or justify your thesis—They answer the question “Why?”
Using evidence or material that establishes the soundness or each reason

6. Evaluate Your Reasons 1. Is each reason relevant to your thesis?
2. Is each reason distinct?
3. Does each reason provide strong support for the thesis?
4. Will the audience consider the reason important?
5. Do you have just enough reasons? (2- 3)

7. Supporting Evidence with Reasons
You should offer at least two pieces of evidence for each of your reasons. If you offer fewer, the audience may not take your reasons seriously.
Facts-can be verified, checked, observed, etc.
Expert opinions-a statement of belief by a knowledgeable person recognized as an authority on that subject

8. How to Evaluate Evidence
Is the evidence relevant to the reason it supports?
Is the evidence verifiable and reliable?
Is there enough evidence?

9. Include personal references
Emotional Appeals
Cite specifics
Use vivid language
Include personal references

10. Establishing your Credibility
Credibility is the quality of being believable.
Three characteristics:
Competence-being well qualified
Sincerity-being genuine
Dynamism-being energetic and enthusiastic

11. Things to Avoid in Persuasive Speech
It is unethical for public speakers
To lie or deceive
To distort
To engage in name-calling
To attack a person or an idea without giving evidence
To manipulate (withhold key info., present half-truths, or purposely misrepresent ideas and details)

12. Organizing your Speech
Deductive Approach
Thesis
Supporting Reason
Supporting Reason
Supporting Reason

13. Two Types of Deductive Approach
Statement of reasons
Simply list your reasons with support
Problem-solution method
Establish problem first
Give solution

14. Organizing your Speech
Inductive Approach
Supporting
Reason
Supporting
Reason
Supporting
Reason
Thesis

15. Two Types of Inductive Approach
Negative method
You show that no option other than the one you propose is acceptable.
Monroe Motivated Sequence
Draw attention to the problem
Show a need for some action
Outline a plan that will satisfy that need
Help the audience visualize the benefits
Suggest a specific action that puts the plan into practice