1. Geography, climate, and resources
Ancient India
Geography, climate, and resources

2. 1. Geography India is located in Asia
Geographers refer to India as a subcontinent, which is a large landmass that sticks out from a continent

3. 1. Geography
Five nations make up the Indian subcontinent: India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh

4. 1. geography
The mountain range that separates India from the rest of Asia is the Himalaya Mountains

5. 2. Mount everest Located in the Himalaya Mountains 29,028 feet tall
Highest peak in the WORLD!

6. Mount Everest

7. Hindu Kush
The Hindu Kush is the mountain range that was the pathway for many of the earliest inhabitants of northern India.

8. 4. Major Rivers Indus River Ganges River
Two great rivers rise in the mountains which are fed by melting snow from the Himalayas as well as rain and make farming possible.
Indus River
Ganges River

9. 4. Major Rivers
India has two very fertile river valleys that are fed by the mountains in Northern India.

10. 5. climate
The climates of India differ greatly from the snow-covered peaks of the Himalayas to the dry Thar Desert
Humid subtropical climate: hot, humid summers with plenty of rainfall in the plains south of Himalayas
Tropical climate: warm temperatures all year
Humid tropical: warm temperatures and heavy rains to southwest India
Dry climate: in the southern and western part of India

11. 5. CLimate

12. 6. Monsoons
Monsoons are strong winds that blow across the region at certain times of the year
June-October: summer monsoons bring moist air up from the Indian Ocean which causes heavy rains and flooding
November-January: winter monsoons change directions which brings dry air from the mountains in the north and there is little rain fall
People depend on the summer monsoon for life-giving rain such as providing water for crops

13. 6. monsoons

14. 6. monsoons

15. 6. Monsoons

16. 6. monsoons If the monsoon is late or weak, crops die causing famine
If it brings too much rain, the rivers overflow and it may cause deadly floods
As long as the rain comes on time and lasts long enough, the Indian farmers will be able to produce food

17. 7. Resources Natural resources occur naturally within environments
Ex. Sunlight and air
A wide variety of resources are found in India
Agricultural and mineral resources are the most abundant

18. resources
Agricultural resources such as fertile soil produce crops like tea, rice, nuts, and jute (for making rope)
Timber and livestock are also important
Mineral resources such as large deposits of iron ore, coal, natural gas reserves, and gemstones

19. 8. Discussion Question
How do you think that the geography of India will play a role in the development of ancient civilizations here?