1. Renaissance and Review

2. 1.The Crusades 2.In Middle Eastern Markets 3.Credit and Banking 4.Charging high interest on loans 5.The Roman Catholic Church 6.Northern Italy 7.Letters of Credit

3. 8. New Accounting and Bookkeeping 9. Trade routes 10. Florence, Venice and Genoa 11. Republics 12. On Government 13. Absolute 14. The ends justifies the means

4. 15. Evil when necessary 16. Medieval art and literature focused on the Church and salvation and Renaissance art and literature focused on individuals and worldly matters along with Christianity 17. Mona Lisa and the Last Supper 18. Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and David 19. Sonnets, Humanism and being a scholar

5. 20. Celebrates the individual 21. Greek and Roman Literature and Culture 22. Wealthy Patrons 23. Renaissance Ideas 24. Northern Renaissance thinkers merged humanist ideas with Christianity. 25. The Gutenberg Bible

6. 26. Erasmus: The Praise of Folly and Sir Thomas More: Utopia 27. Artists 28. Protection of the eastern frontier, Distance from Germanic invasions in the western empire, Crossroads of trade Easily fortified site on a peninsula bordered by natural harbors 29. Seat of the Byzantine Empire until Ottoman conquest Preserved classical Greco-Roman culture Center of trade

7. 30. Byzantine Emperor Justinian Codification of Roman law (impact on European legal codes Reconquest of former Roman territories Expansion of trade 31. Inspiration provided by Christian religion and imperial power 32. (religious images) 33. Mosaics in public and religious structures.

8. 34. The Byzantine Domed Church 35.Greco-Roman Traditions 36. Greek Language and Eastern Orthodox Christianity 37. Greek and Roman Knowledge 38. Centered in Constantinople Close to seat of power after Constantinople became capital Use of Greek language in the liturgy Western Church Centered in Rome Farther from seat of power after Constantinople became capital Use of Latin language in the liturgy Division between Western and Eastern Churches Authority of the Pope eventually accepted in the West Authority of the Patriarch accepting the East Practices such as celibacy eventually accepted in the West

9. 39. Using the Baltic and the Black Sea 40. Adoption of Orthodox Christianity by Russia and much of Eastern Europe 41. Adoption of Greek alphabet for the Slavic languages by St. Cyril (Cyrillic alphabet) 42. Church architecture and religious art