1. Biosphere

2. Warm Up ( )
What parts of the geosphere are necessary for the biosphere to exist?

3. Outline
Objectives
Soil Test Discussions

4. Objectives
Students will be able to explain the soil tests necessary to determine soil quality standards
Students will be able to perform the soil tests necessary to determine soil quality

5. Soil Tests

6. Soil Tests

7. Soil Tests

8. Soil Temperature

9. Soil Density

10. Warm Up ( )
Explain some of the tests for soil quality that we discussed yesterday. How do those soil tests help provide information about the types of living species that can survive in the area?

11. Outline Objectives Review Trig Functions
Using Trig functions to measure height

12. Objectives
Students will be able to explain the soil tests necessary to determine soil quality standards
Students will be able to perform the soil tests necessary to determine soil quality
Students will review trig functions and be able to properly identify sine, cosine, and tangent.
Students will use trig functions to measure the height of objects around the school

13. Trig Functions θ θ

14. Trig Functions θ θ

15. Sine θ θ

16. Cosine θ θ

17. Tangent θ θ

18. Warm Up ( )
Draw pictures to show what sine, cosine, and tangent are. Please identify which angles are being determined by using the sign θ

19. Outline
Objectives
Trig Functions
Biomes Gallery Walk

20. Objectives
Students will review trig functions and be able to properly identify sine, cosine, and tangent.
Students will use trig functions to measure the height of objects around the school
Students will participate in a gallery walk of the ten biomes and will identify characteristics of each picture that they see around the room.

22. Trig Functions θ θ

23. Trig Functions θ θ

24. Trig Functions θ θ

25. Trig Functions θ θ

27. Warm Up ( )
Solve for θ using sine θ
45cm
25cm

28. Outline Objectives Gallery Walk Biomes discussion
Food Webs and Food Chains

29. Objectives
Students will review trig functions and be able to properly identify sine, cosine, and tangent.
Students will use trig functions to measure the height of objects around the school
Students will participate in a gallery walk of the ten biomes and will identify characteristics of each picture that they see around the room.
Students will identify the differences between a food web and a food chain and will start to recognize the difference between producers and consumers

31. Gallery Walk Around the room there are 10 different pictures.
They are all numbered.
You will have 1 minute at each station.
I will time each session and tell you when to rotate
Your job:
At each station that you go to…
Look at the pictures. Notice the details.
On the piece of paper at each station, you need to write down your observations.
Even if they are the same observations as someone previous to you, that’s okay. But try to come up with something new that everyone else didn’t notice about the picture.

32. Gallery Walk Around the room there are 10 different pictures.
They are all numbered.
You will have 1 minute at each station.
I will time each session and tell you when to rotate
Your job:
At each station that you go to…
Look at the pictures. Notice the details.
On the piece of paper at each station, you need to write down your observations.
Even if they are the same observations as someone previous to you, that’s okay. But try to come up with something new that everyone else didn’t notice about the picture.

33. Temperate Deciduous Forest

34. Temperate Grasslands

35. Temperate Rainforest

36. Tropical Rainforest

37. Savanna

38. Desert http://www.worldbiomes.com/pics/monumentvalley.jpg

39. Tundra http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/images/anaktuvuk_scenery.jpg

40. Boreal Forest http://hof.povray.org/images/Boreal_big.jpg

41. Chaparral

42. Tropical Dry Forest

43. Biomes
What is necessary to have a biome?

44. Food Chains

45. Food Webs

46. Warm Up ( )
Explain the difference between food chains and food webs.

47. Outline
Objectives
Biomes notes
Biomes video?

48. Objectives
Students will identify the ten major biomes of the world and determine defining characteristics for each of those biomes.

49. Temperate Deciduous Forest
Mid-latitude forests
Europe, eastern China, eastern North America
Areas where precipitation is spread pretty evenly throughout the year
Broad-leafed trees – deciduous (lose leaves each fall, are dormant in winter)
Soils are relatively fertile
Oaks, beeches, and maples are most abundant

50. Temperate Deciduous Forest

51. Temperate Grasslands In areas of limited precipitation
Can support grasses more easily than trees
Known as steppe or prairie
Great Plains region
Most of the grasslands have been converted for agriculture
American bison, pronghorn antelope, prairie dogs, and ground-nesting birds (meadowlarks)

52. Temperate Grasslands

53. Temperate Rainforest Heavy rainfall
Coniferous trees (cedars, spruces, hemlocks, Douglas fir
Forest interior is shaded and damp
Moisture loving animals – banana slug, endangered spotted owl are common
Fertile soils but are susceptible to landslides and erosion if forest is cleared
Commercially significant – lumber and paper

54. Temperate Rainforest

55. Tropical Rainforest Closer to equator, warmer on average year round
Central America, South America, Southeast Asia, west Africa, tropical regions
Year-round rain
Dark damp interiors with lush vegetation
Highly diverse biotic communities
Larger numbers of insects, birds, amphibians, and other animals than any other biome
Not dominated by single species of trees, most trees are covered with vines, strangler figs and epiphytes (orchids and plants that grow in trees)
Poor, acidic soils that are low in organic matter
Once rainforests are cleared – can only support agriculture for a short amount of time.

56. Tropical Rainforest

57. Savanna Drier tropical regions
Tropical grassland interspersed with clusters of acacias or other trees
Africa, South America, Australia, India
Precipitation arrives in rainy seasons
Creates watering holes
Many grazing animals gather here
Zebras, gazelles, giraffes
Lions, hyenas, other highly mobile carnivores

58. Savanna

59. Desert Rainfall is very limited Driest biome on earth
Under 25 cm precipitation per year
Rainfall determines type of vegetation deserts will have
Low humidity and relatively little vegetation causes large temperature fluctuations
Soils are saline – known as lithosols or stone soils
High mineral and low organic matter content
Plants and animals have evolved adaptations to deal with climate
Most are active at night, many are nomadic (travel long distances to find resources)
Thick leathery leaves to reduce water loss, green trunks, spines to protect from predators

60. Desert http://www.worldbiomes.com/pics/monumentvalley.jpg

61. Tundra
High latitudes along the northern edges of Russia, Canada, and Scandinavia
Alpine tundra at the tops of tall mountains in temperate and tropical conditions.
Extremely cold winters with little daylight and moderately cool summers with long days
Landscape of lichens and low, scrubby vegetation without trees
Great seasonal variation in temperature and day length
Underground soil remains permanently frozen – permafrost
Surface soils freeze and melt producing standing water for mosquitoes and other biting insects
Birds, Caribou migrate through this area
Polar bears and musk oxen can survive year round
Relatively unaltered by human occupation

62. Tundra http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/images/anaktuvuk_scenery.jpg

63. Boreal Forest Northern coniferous forest – taiga
Canada, Alaska, Russia, Scandinavia
Few species of evergreen trees that dominate large stretches of forest
Occasional bogs and lakes
Cooler, drier regions
Long, cold winters and short, cool summers
Soils are nutrient poor and somewhat acidic
Many animals perform biotic activities in a few short months
Moose, wolves, bears, lynx and burrowing rodents
Insect-eating birds that migrate from the tropics to breed

64. Boreal Forest http://hof.povray.org/images/Boreal_big.jpg

65. Chaparral Limited to small patches scattered around the world
Around Mediterranean sea, coasts of California, Chile, southern Australia
Evergreen shrubs and thickets
Highly seasonal – mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers
Induced by oceanic influences – termed “Mediterranean”
Experience frequent fire
Plant species are adapted to resist fire or depend on it for germination for their seeds

66. Chaparral

67. Tropical Dry Forest Tropical areas Warm year round
Rainfall is lower overall and highly seasonal
India, Africa, South America, northern Australia
Wet and dry seasons – about half a year each
Heavy rains during wet season
Severe soil loss if cleared forests because of erosion-prone soils
Much of this biome converted to agriculture
Organisms have adapted to seasonal fluctuations in precipitation and temperature
Ex. Plants are deciduous – leaf out during rain, drop leaves during dry times

68. Tropical Dry Forest

69. Warm Up ( )
Describe one interesting thing you know about biomes.

70. Outline
Objectives
Biomes Notes
Biomes Video

71. Objectives
Students will identify the ten major biomes of the world and determine defining characteristics for each of those biomes.

72. Biomes Video

73. Warm Up ( )
Explain what the characteristics are that differentiate between different biomes.

74. Outline Objectives Food Web and Food Chains
Food Web and Food Chain Practice

75. Objectives
Students will identify the ten major biomes of the world and determine defining characteristics for each of those biomes.
Students will be able to identify food webs and food chains within a biome
Students will have practice identifying top predators within a food web.

76. Food Webs https://www.bigelow.org/edhab/images/food_web.jpg

77. Food Chains

78. Food Chains

79. Food Webs and Food Chain Practice

80. Warm Up ( )
Write down some of the things we need to keep in mind when performing our soil tests.
Think about the soil tests that we performed last week and how we had to handle the equipment.

81. Outline
Objectives
Jackson Lake Prep

82. Objectives
Students will identify the ten major biomes of the world and determine defining characteristics for each of those biomes.
Students will be able to identify food webs and food chains within a biome
Students will have practice identifying top predators within a food web.

83. Jackson Lake Prep LabQuest practice Site Characteristics
Temperature, soil moisture, soil pH
Site Characteristics
Humidity, aspect, slope, etc.

84. Warm Up ( )
Explain some of the site characteristics to look for when we go to Jackson lake and how to determine those characteristics.

85. Outline Objectives Soil tests Trig functions to find height
Biological populations notes

86. Objectives
Students will review and explain how to find height of objects using trig functions.
Students will review and explain the variety of soil tests and how to perform them.
Students will explain interactions of populations within biomes.

87. Soil Tests
Review

88. Trig Functions
Review

89. Biological Populations Notes
What is population ecology?

90. Warm Up ( )
Explain what population ecology is and how this can help scientists make conclusions about ecosystems.

91. Outline Objectives Biological population notes
Quadrant sectioning for site preparation

92. Objectives
Students will explain interactions of populations within biomes.
Students will practice measuring off sections of land for the quadrant method of site identification and separation.